Patho Blood Disorders

These flashcards cover section 2a in patho, blood disorders.

Plasma

The liquid component of blood that contains serum, clotting factors, and fibrin.

Hemopoiesis

The process of blood cell production occurring in the bone marrow.

Erythropoiesis

The production of red blood cells (RBCs) enhanced by erythropoietin.

Leukopoiesis

The production of white blood cells (WBCs).

Thrombopoiesis

The process of platelet production from megakaryocytes.

Hemostasis

The process of maintaining blood volume and preventing excessive bleeding through blood clot formation.

Coagulation cascade

A series of events leading to the formation of a blood clot, involving intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

Platelets (thrombocytes)

Cell fragments involved in blood clotting that help form a plug at injury sites.

von Willebrand factor (vWF)

A protein that binds collagen and platelets to facilitate platelet aggregation.

Anticoagulation

Processes that prevent excessive coagulation and blood clotting.

DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

A serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the coagulation cascade leading to platelet consumption and bleeding.

PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)

A blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot, typically 25-40 seconds.

Thrombocytopenia

A condition of insufficient circulating platelets leading to increased bleeding risk.

Hemophilia A

A genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of factor VIII, leading to excessive bleeding.

Hemolytic anemia

A condition characterized by the destruction of red blood cells, leading to anemia.

Polycythemia

An increase in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood.

Leukopenia

A decrease in the number of white blood cells, increasing infection risk.

Lymphoma

Malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue originating from leukocytes.

Reed-Sternberg cells

Large cells with double nuclei indicative of Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport.

Anemia

A condition characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport.

Thromboxane A2 (TxA2)

A substance released by platelets that promotes aggregation and vasoconstriction.

Fibrinolytic system

The system responsible for the breakdown of blood clots through the action of plasmin.

Erythropoietin

A hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates the production of red blood cells.