Gross Movement of the Human Body

Flashcards covering Skeletal Muscle functions, Muscle Components, Anatomical Position, and Movement Terms

Skeletal Muscle Functions

Produce voluntary & reflexive movements, posture/position of bones, eye & skin of face, regulate the entrance & exit of material, and maintain body temperature.

Muscle Belly

Fleshy contractile portion of a muscle, also called the muscle belly. Composed of striated skeletal muscle.

Tendons & Aponeuroses

Non contractile portion of a muscle, composed of dense regular CT, and attach to/move bone, organs (eye), and skin (face).

Endomysium

Connective tissue that surrounds myofibrils and creates a muscle fiber.

Perimysium

Connective tissue that surrounds multiple muscle fibers (cells) and creates a fascicle.

Epimysium

Dense irregular CT that creates a named muscle.

Motor Unit

1 Multipolar Motor Neuron from spinal cord, all neuromuscular junctions, and all muscle fibers innervated by a single motor neuron.

Neuromuscular Junction

Junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle.

Proximal Attachment

Muscle attachment nearest the beginning of a limb (or the center of the torso); also called the origin.

Distal Attachment

Muscle attachment further from the beginning of a limb (or the center of the torso); also called the insertion.

Flexion

Decrease in angle in joints like the knee, elbow, and digits. In all other joints, flexion is forward.

Extension

Increase in angle in joints like the knee, elbow, and digits. In all other joints, extension is backward.

ABduction

Movement away from a designated midline.

ADduction

Movement toward a designated midline.

Left vs. Right Rotation

Head rotates left & right

Medial vs. Lateral Rotation

Anterior aspect turns in or out.

Pronation vs. Supination

Palms turn posterior vs. palms turn anterior.

Dorsiflexion vs. Plantarflexion

Elevate the foot elevates; elevate the heel.

Inversion vs. Eversion

Turn sole in vs. turn sole out.

Opposition

Thumb to fingers.

Elevation vs. Depression

Shoulders up vs. shoulders down.

Circumduction

360-degree movement.