animal sleep

primates

sleep similar to humans

jumping spider

show REM sleep/dreaming

bearded dragon

oscillating REM/SWS

octopus

multiple sleep stages, body changed color in REM

koalas

need 16-18 hrs of sleep

giraffes

need 2 hrs of sleep

dolphins + fur seals

show unihemispheric sleep

elephant seals

do not sleep unihemispherically, they dive super deep to sleep and are safe from predators. 

birds

can sleep with one eye open

horses

sleep while standing up, lay down for REM

sperm whales

sleep vertically

frigatebirds

sleep mid-flight

sandpiper birds

those who slept less had greater mating success (possible adaptive purpose)

bullfrogs

reported 0 hours of sleep, but unilateral eye closure

herbivores, larger mass=

sleep less

higher predation risk

less sleep, REM+NREM

sleep more=

needing to conserve energy/slow metabolism

higher brain mass=

more REM

less REM

longer gestation period=

more sleep=

more complex nervous system

hibernation

metabolic rate becomes almost standstill, body temp drops, slow energy consumption

• when animals come out of hibernation, they often seem sleep deprived, evidence that hibernation does not do the same thing as sleep.