ANS 41 M1

How fast does pollution from china go across pacific

4 days

% of production by Central Valley

50% fruit

90% nuts for the world

20% dairy

What is agriculture urban conflict

Land is less expensive near farms

What’s the rate of world population development

Population will triple by 2025 and food, production won’t

How much marginal land is there in the world

2/3

What is marginal land

You can’t grow crops and used for livestock only bc grass grows cellulose which only is consumed by ruminants (cows)

How much land is airable land

1/3

What is airable land

Can grow crops

How many pigs does china have

1 billion per year

Which countries have the most cattle

India and Brazil

How many cows was there in the us in 1950 compared to now

25 million now 9 million but there’s a 60% produce increase

How many piglets die in the pre weaning stage in china

40%(400 million pigs)

China swine ex male?

What is the most common swine operation type

Farrrow to finish

.low feed requirements

.higher lvl of management

.higher labor requirements

.high investment in buildings and equipment

What is the swine nursery

Swine facility where weaned pigs ares raised until the size of a feeder pig

What is swine farrow to wean

A

It includes breeding stock and new born pigs that aren’t yet weaned. Weaned pigs are sold to producers raise until sold for feeder pigs

What is swine farrow to feeder

Swine facility that includes breeding stock and pigs ranging from newborn to feeder pig size

What is swine farrow to finish

Includes breeding stock pigs are raised from birth until sold for slaughter

What is swine finish

Includes market hogs, but not breeding stock that are fed until they’re sold for slaughter

Modern swine farms

Are wean to finish

What are tails docked in swine

Because they’ll get chewed off by other piglets

Why do piglets get their ears notched

Because tags would get chewed off by others

What weight do growing and finishing hogs start at

40/45lbs

What weight do hogs end at before going off to market

190-220 and takes about 115 days

How does the ADG change as pigs are

Heavier the animal =higher ADG

What is advantage of having pigs indoor

Can control the temperature and control bio security

What are indoor facility floor types

Most of the time slats (opening in the floor) Maude falls through into a underground collection area

Ventilation variations of indoor swine facilities

Open front, curtain sided,and mechanically ventilated

(T/F) Are the number of large farms increasing and small family decreasing

True

What is economy of scale

Keeps items affordable and making it extremely expensive

How many days are swine in farrow

17 days

How many days are swine in nursery

45 days

How many days are swine in finishing

128 days

In which stage of production are swine feed the most

In finishing at 275 kg of feed and total with weaning amount fed ends up being 300kg of fedd

What does swine eat

Corn and soybean are the main ingredients,

What is bioavailability

Package of protein, macro, and micro nutrients that can be digested by humans easily

What drives swine production

Lower cost,

increase pigs per sow per year

.increase farrowing or conception rate

.increase litter size

Increase weight gain

Improve feed efficiency

Improve animal health

.morbidity

.mortality

Why is a mom sow in a farrowing crate

She can kill, her babies by crushing them

What is greatest risk in finishing pig production

The price at the packing plant for the hog fluctuates

2/3 of energy consumed is used for what

To regulate body temperature

How long is a sow 8n a farrowing crate

3 weeks

Wallow story

He was a phd student at a school in Texas he studied wallows ( water puddle) and what microbes and environmental conditions are, he found mud at bottom was at 75 degrees even when hot outside

Are pig sensitive to noise

Yes some people play music in swine farm to used to noise of people

What is done to lighting with pigs

simulated as if they were outdoors

How much fertilizer is animal manure in the world

½ and other half Is synthetic manure

What does it mean when pigs are huddled

Their cold

What does it mean when piglets are very spread out

Their hot

Why is manure important to mange

To keep animals healthy,air quality good, no accumulation of pathogens,

How is manure handled dry

Straw bedding

How is manure mostly handled

Wet and it gets stored in water in a thing called “ lagoon”

What can manure lagoon do

Make bio gas

How is bio gas made

Gas gets trapped with mainly methane it and then gets cleaned to become transportation fuel

What is anaerobic digestion

Use of bio gas

When and why is castration done to piglets

Because of boar taint and at first 2 weeks of life

What does boar taint affect

The taste of meat

How is castration done

2 inspections and squeeze out testicles with no anesthesia

What is clipping of needle teeth

K9 tip of teeth snipped to prevents for them to shred moms teat

What is done on old sows

Hoof trimming to prevent long growth of curve up and cause problems walking

How fast do piglets run out of their natural iron

5 days

when and how are piglets given iron injections

2-6 weeks of age with iron dextran injections

When is starter diet available to piglets

7-10 days after birth

Why are piglets given iron

To prevent anemia

What is flight zone

the space allowed between an animal and person while their comfortable

What are proper tools to move a pig

Board, flags, a paddle with a rattle, and a snare( goes over animals snout and keeps them in place)

What is not a good handling tool for pigs

Electric prod

When is electric prod used

To get them to move if blocked in but only to get the out of mental blockage

What important for all species regarding transportation

Never transport a non ambulatory animal(animal that can’t walk)

What is done to non ambulatory animal

Euthanize

Why cant meat of a non ambulatory be sold

USDA won’t allow it to go through inspection

EXTRA CREDIT STORY

Locational an estrus: while a woman is lactating she puts out hormones that simulate being pregnant and that’s why she can’t get pregnant while lactating and pigs aren’t fertile first heat after birth

Which state is number 2 dairy state

Wisconsin

What part of CA are most cows

Southern part of the Central Valley called San Joaquin valley

How any dairy cows are in San juaquin valley

about 1,100

(T/F) if you have 1,500 dairy cows do you have the same amount of dry cows = total being 3,000 cows

True

What is the number one county in Ca that produces the most milk

Tulare

Does Tulare county have more dairy cows than the whole Pennsylvania

Yes

Does Fresno have more cows the the whole Colorado?

Yes

What percent of US milk products and milk are made in CA

20%

What is the connection of economy of scale with livestock

Heard size increases but # of farms is decreasing

What is the economy of scale idea

The more you have of an item the cheaper you can sell it for

What the 2 common ethnicity that run dairy farms

Portuguese and Netherlands people at least 95%

Who are the 2nd largest exporter of agricultural goods in the world

The Netherlands

There’s been less liquid milk consumed but demand is still high how?

Drink less milk but eat other products that use milk

What percent of us milk products are exported to other parts of the world

10% mainly china

Are dairy cows adaptable

Yes

Do dairy cows like daily routines

Yes

are cows gregarious

Yes they like to be in groups not be by them selves

What is the 2nd most injurious job

Working with dairy bulls

Dairy vs beef cattle

Beef cattle are more lean

What is a heifer

Female that hasn’t called before

What is a cow

Female that’s calved before

What is a steer

A castrated make

What are lactating cows

Mature cows that have given birth and are in their lactating period

What are dry cows

Mature cows that are in between lactation

How long is lactation cycle

365 days( 1 yr)

How long is a cow in their dry period

60 days

What is a bull

Intact male

What where do bull calves go after birth

Sold to calf ranch

How long does a calf ranch keep bull calf’s

4 months and then they go to a feedlot

What is a tie stall

An animal is attached to a pole