COMPANA LE3

based on ppt

Abduction

Movement away from the body

Adduction

Movement toward the body

Extension 

Increasing the angle of a joint 

Flexion 

Inversion 

sole of your foot turns inward the midline of the body 

Eversion 

sole of your foot turns outward away from the body’s midline

Medial rotation

rotational movement towards the midline

Lateral rotation

rotating movement away from the midline

Elevation

movement in a superior direction (upwards)

Depression

movement in an inferior direction (downwards)

Protraction 

a movement that results in a portion of the body being moved forward 

Retraction

a movement that results in the protracted portion of the body back to its original position

Supination 

rotation of the forearm outwards, causing the palm to face upwards 

Pronation

Rotation of the forearm inwards, causing the palm to face downwards 

Muscular system

composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers

3 types of muscle tissue

Smooth/Visceral, cardiac, skeletal

Muscle system 

makeup roughly half of a person’s body weight 

Sarcomere 

basic contractile unit of muscle fiber 

Fibers are striated, tubular, and multi nucleated

Skeletal muscle

Voluntary and usually attached to skeleton

Skeletal muscle

 Fibers are non-striated, spindle shaped, uninucleated 

Smooth muscle

Involuntary and usually covers the walls of internal organs

Smooth muscle

Fibers are striated, branched, and uninucleated

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary and only covers the walls of the heart

Cardiac muscle

Intercalated discs

found only in cardiac muscle and synchronization of contraction (beating)

True or false: Muscles can only pull not push 

True

Antagonistic muscles

muscle pairs that work together to move a body part in opposite directions

Other name for contracting muscle

agonist or prime mover

Other name for relaxing muscle 

antagonist

Connective tissue sheaths

layers that provide support, protection, and organization, to the muscle at different levels

Fascia

connective tissue that surrounds and separates muscles

The point where the muscle attaches to a fixed or less moveable bone

Muscle origin

 The point where the muscle attaches to a moveable bone

Muscle insertion

movement usually remains stationary during contraction 

Muscle origin

Moves when the muscle contracts

Muscle insertion

Typically closer to the body’s center (proximal)

Muscle origin

Typically farther from the body’s center (distal)

Muscle insertion

Size code for “largest”

Maximus/magnus

Size code for “smallest”

Minimus

Medius

Size code for “intermediate in size”

Size code for “larger”

Major

Size code for “smaller”

Minor

Size code for “shortest”

Brevis

Size code for “longest”

Longus

Size code for “great or huge”

Vastus

Shape code for “shaped like a trapezoid”

Trapezius

Shape code for “triangular-shaped muscle that sits on top of the shoulder”

Deltoid

Serratus

Shape code for “serrare (which means saw)”

Platysma

Shape code for “french word for flat”

Rhomboid

Shape code for “diamond shaped”

Shape code for “square or four-sided”

Quadratus

Teres

Shape code for “round or cylindrical shaped”

Rectus

Orientation code for “straight or erect, parallel to the midline”

Transversus

Orientation code for “transverse or perpendicular to the midline”

Oblique

Orientation code for “slanted or diagonal to the midline”

Orbicularis, sphincter

Orientation code for “ringlike muscles that encircle or may form a constricting passage”

Flexor

Action of muscle code for “decrease the angle of a joint”

Extensors

Action of muscle code for “increase the angle of a joint”

Pronator

Action of muscle code for “turn limbs so that they face downwards or backward”

Supinator

Action of muscle code for “turn limbs so they face upwards or forward”

Levator

Action of muscle code for “lifts a structure up”

Depressor

Action of muscle code for “lowers a structure”

Adductor

Action of muscle code for “moves toward the midline”

Abductor

Action of muscle code for “moves away from the midline”

Rotator

Action of muscle code for “rotates one structure relative to another”

Biceps

Number of points of origin code for “two heads”

Number of points of origin code for “three heads”

Triceps

Quadriceps

Number of points of origin code for “four heads”

Sternocleidomastoid

Code for “sterno and cleido for its origin, the sternum and clavicle; and mastoid for its insertion, the mastoid process.”

Brachioradialis

Code for “Brachio - (from Greek "brachion") for for its origin on the upper arm; radialis for its insertion on the radius of the forearm“

Sternohyoid

Code for “Sterno for its origin on the sternum; hyoid for its insertion into the hyoid bone“

Risorius

Function code for “facial muscle involved in smiling and laughter. It comes from the Latin word "risus" (which means "laugh)“

Masseter

Function code for “meaning "to chew", which is the function of the jaw” and comes fromthe greek word masasthai

Sartorius

Code for “derived from the muscle activity when crossing the legs and comes from the Latin "sartor = tailor". It is a muscle that runs from the outer hip, across the thigh and ends at the inner knee“

Capitis

Location code for “head”

Occuli

Location code for “eye”

Location code for “mouth”

Oris

Labii

Location code for “lips”

Cervicis

Location code for “neck”

Thoracis

Location code for “thorax”

Pectoral

Location code for “chest”

Brachii

Location code for “arm”

Radialis

Location code for “radial”

Ulnaris

Location code for “ulna”

Carpus 

Location code for “wrist”

Palmaris

Location code for “palm of the hand”

Digiti

Location code for “singular; finger or toe”

Digitorum

Location code for “plural; fingers or toes”

Pollicis

Location code for “refers to thumb”

Pecs/Chest muscle

Common name of Pectoralis Major

Abs or Stomach muscle

Common name of Rectus Abdominis

External Oblique

Common name of Side Abs

Lats

Common name Latissimus Dorsi

Traps

Common name of Trapezius

Shoulder Muscle

Common name for Deltoid

Bicpes

Common name for Biceps Brachii

Triceps

Common name for Triceps Brachii

Glutes

Common name for Gluteus Maximus

Quads

Common name for Quadriceps Femoris

Calf Muscle

Common name for Gastrocnemius