Animal Nutrition

These flashcards cover key concepts related to animal nutrition, emphasizing the structure and function of the digestive system, types of nutrients, and their physiological roles.

Nutrient

Any substance needed for survival, growth, development, tissue repair, or reproduction.

Digestive Tract

The system of organs responsible for digestion, which can be categorized into incomplete and complete digestive tracts.

Complete Digestive Tract

A digestive system with two openings (mouth and anus) allowing for specialized areas for digestion and absorption.

Alimentary Canal

The continuous tube through which food passes, consisting of various organs involved in digestion.

Essential Nutrients

Nutrients that are not synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet, such as certain amino acids and fatty acids.

Carbohydrates

Nutrients that serve as an energy source and are found in various food sources, especially starchy plants.

Proteins

Macromolecules made up of amino acids that perform various functions, including building muscle and acting as enzymes.

Lipids

Fats and oils that are important components of cell membranes and serve as energy sources and thermal insulators.

Vitamins

Organic molecules that serve as coenzymes in biochemical reactions.

Minerals

Inorganic substances required in small amounts for various bodily functions, such as calcium and iron.

Bile

A digestive fluid produced by the liver that helps emulsify fats for digestion.

Diabetes Mellitus

A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to issues with insulin production or function.

Gastrointestinal Tract (GI Tract)

The tubular structure that extends from the mouth to the anus, responsible for digestion and absorption.

Bile Salts

Compounds derived from bile that help emulsify fats, thereby enhancing fat digestion.

Fermentation Chamber

A specialized compartment in herbivores for digesting cellulose with the help of symbiotic microorganisms.