Modern Biology Chapter 28

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32 Terms

1

cuticle

A waxy protective covering on plant surfaces that prevents water loss; was one early adaptation for life on land

<p>A waxy protective covering on plant surfaces that prevents water loss; was one early adaptation for life on land</p>
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2

spore

A haploid reproductive cell surrounded by a hard outer wall

<p>A haploid reproductive cell surrounded by a hard outer wall</p>
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3

seed

An embryo surrounded by a protective coat

<p>An embryo surrounded by a protective coat</p>
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4

vascular tissue

A tissue that transports water and dissolved substances from one part of the plant to another

<p>A tissue that transports water and dissolved substances from one part of the plant to another</p>
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5

xylem

specialized tissues that carries absorbed water and inorganic nutrients in one direction, from the roots to the stems and leaves

<p>specialized tissues that carries absorbed water and inorganic nutrients in one direction, from the roots to the stems and leaves</p>
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6

phloem

specialized tissue that carries organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, and some inorganic nutrients in any direction

<p>specialized tissue that carries organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, and some inorganic nutrients in any direction</p>
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7

nonvascular plant

Plant that has neither true vascular tissue nor true roots, stems, or leaves; make up three phyla

<p>Plant that has neither true vascular tissue nor true roots, stems, or leaves; make up three phyla</p>
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8

vascular plant

Plant that has true vascular tissue and true roots, stems, and leaves; make up nine phyla

<p>Plant that has true vascular tissue and true roots, stems, and leaves; make up nine phyla</p>
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9

seed plant

Plant that produces seeds for reproduction

<p>Plant that produces seeds for reproduction</p>
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10

gymnosperm

A woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit

<p>A woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit</p>
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11

angiosperm

A flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit

<p>A flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit</p>
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12

sporophyte

In plants that have alteration of generations, the diploid individual or generation that produces haploid spores

<p>In plants that have alteration of generations, the diploid individual or generation that produces haploid spores</p>
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13

gametophyte

In plants that have alteration of generations, the phase in which gametes are formed; a haploid individual that produces gametes

<p>In plants that have alteration of generations, the phase in which gametes are formed; a haploid individual that produces gametes</p>
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14

alteration of generations

A life cycle that alternates between the gametophyte phase and sporophyte phase

<p>A life cycle that alternates between the gametophyte phase and sporophyte phase</p>
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15

bryophyte

What the three phyla of nonvascular plants are collectively called

<p>What the three phyla of nonvascular plants are collectively called</p>
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16

liverwort

phylum Hepatophyta; bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and have unique structures on the gametophytes

<p>phylum Hepatophyta; bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and have unique structures on the gametophytes</p>
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17

hornwort

phylum Anthocerophyta; bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and have long, thin, photosynthetic sporophytes

<p>phylum Anthocerophyta; bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and have long, thin, photosynthetic sporophytes</p>
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18

strobilus

A cone-like structure of sporangia-bearing leaves

<p>A cone-like structure of sporangia-bearing leaves</p>
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19

rhizome

A horizontal, underground stem that provides a mechanism for asexual reproduction

<p>A horizontal, underground stem that provides a mechanism for asexual reproduction</p>
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20

fiddlehead

The tightly coiled new leaves of ferns

<p>The tightly coiled new leaves of ferns</p>
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21

frond

The mature leaves of ferns that fiddleheads develop into

<p>The mature leaves of ferns that fiddleheads develop into</p>
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22

germinate

To begin to grow from an embryo into a mature form

<p>To begin to grow from an embryo into a mature form</p>
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23

seedling

A young plant grown from a seed

<p>A young plant grown from a seed</p>
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24

cone

A reproductive structure composed of hard scales

<p>A reproductive structure composed of hard scales</p>
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25

deciduous

Describes trees that lose their leaves at the end of the growing season

<p>Describes trees that lose their leaves at the end of the growing season</p>
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26

ovary

The female part of the flower that encloses the egg(s)

<p>The female part of the flower that encloses the egg(s)</p>
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27

cotyledon

The embryonic leaf of a seed (B in the diagram)

<p>The embryonic leaf of a seed (B in the diagram)</p>
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28

monocot

A plant that produces seeds that have only one cotyledon

<p>A plant that produces seeds that have only one cotyledon</p>
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29

dicot

A plant the produces seeds that have two cotyledons

<p>A plant the produces seeds that have two cotyledons</p>
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30

vein

In plants, a bundle of vascular tissue that transports fluid and nutrients

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31

parallel venation

A parallel arrangement of veins; typical of the leaves of monocots

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32

net venation

A nonparallel, branching network of veins; typical of the leaves of dicots

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