Nursing Review Flashcards for Exam Prep

The flashcards cover key concepts in nursing related to pharmacology, patient care, and medical conditions to help reinforce learning for upcoming exams.

What are anticholinergic effects?

Decreased mucus, bronchodilation, dry mouth, dry eyes, urinary retention, constipation, and shut down of GI.

What is the Rule of the B’s in ABG Interpretation?

If the pH and bicarb (HCO3) are both in the same direction, then it is metabolic.

What is the normal pH range in blood?

7.35-7.45.

__ are drugs that block the effects of acetylcholine in the body.

Anticholinergics

What is the normal pH range?

7.35-7.45.

What are signs of acid-base imbalance?

Effects include tachycardia, tachypnea, bradycardia, hypotension, and coma.

What is the nursing action for high pressure ventilator alarms?

Check for kinked tubes, water in tubing, or mucus obstruction.

What distinguishes the difference between Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) and Delirium Tremens (DTs)?

AWS is not life-threatening; DTs can be.

What are common side effects of Aminoglycosides?

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

What do calcium channel blockers do?

Lower heart rate, blood pressure, and reduce oxygen demand on the heart.

What are the signs of hypercalcemia?

Decreased reflexes and muscle weakness.

What is Wernicke's syndrome?

Psychosis related to Vitamin B1 deficiency, leading to confusion and memory issues.

How do you prioritize care in psychiatric nursing?

Use Maslow's hierarchy: Physiological needs come first, followed by safety, comfort, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.

What is a common cause of drug overdose in newborns?

Always assume intoxication within the first 24 hours after birth.

What is the treatment for hypertension in a client taking calcium channel blockers?

Monitor blood pressure before administration and hold if systolic is less than 100.

How should the nurse respond to a patient experiencing hallucinations?

Acknowledge their feelings and present reality.

What are the main electrolyte imbalances related to potassium?

Hyperkalemia increases heart rate; hypokalemia decreases heart rate.

What is the correct initial action if a chest tube is accidentally disconnected?

Cover the site with a gloved hand until it can be reconnected properly.

What is the purpose of a laminectomy?

To relieve nerve root compression.

What does the mnemonic DUMPING stand for?

Differences in treatment approaches for hiatal hernia vs. dumping syndrome.