Chapter 14 Non Communicable Disease

Non-communicable disease

a disease not capable of being spread from one person to another

Uncontrollable factors

gender, race, age, heredity

Controllable factors

habits, practices or behaviors you can change, you have control of them

Cardiovascular disease

a disease of the heart and blood vessels

Heart attack

a condition in which blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing heart cells to die

Cancer

A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.

Benign tumor

A mass of abnormal cells that do not spread. Non cancerous

Malignant tumor

A cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair the functions of one or more organs.

Cancer prevention

healthy lifestyle (avoid overexposure to sun, exercise, don't smoke), early detection, know your genetic risks

Diabetes

A condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin, the hormone required for the metabolism of sugar

Type 2 diabetes

Diabetes of a form that develops especially in adults and most often obese individuals and that is characterized by high blood glucose resulting from impaired insulin utilization coupled with the body's inability to compensate with increased insulin production.

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics to regulate blood sugar

Environmental Disease

Can be due to sunlight, food, pollution, and lifestyle choices

Nonmelanoma skin cancer

The most common type of cancer. Often times due to over exposure to the sun.

Types of Non Infectious Diseases

Examples include asthma, allergies, arthritis, cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer.

Types of cardiovascular diseases

The most common include stroke, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and heart attack.

Ways to prevent cardiovascular disease

Trimming fat intake, not smoking, exercise, don't stress

Ways to prevent cancer

Use sunscreen, eat fruits/vegetables, don't smoke, exercise

Allergies

Having a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction.

Asthma attack

the onset of wheezing together with difficulty breathing

Symptom

An indication of a problem

Lifestyle diseases

Diseases made likely by neglect of the body or by poor lifestyle choices over time.

Hereditary disease

A disease passed down from parent to child.

blood pressure

the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels

Homeostasis

the body's internal, steady state of balance; such as maintaining body temperature, blood sugar, blood pressure, and oxygen levels in tissue.

metastasis

the spread of cancerous abnormal cells from one part of the body to another

Carcinogen

A cancer-causing substance

Histamine

A chemical that is responsible for the symptoms of an allergy

allergen

a substance that causes an allergic reaction

prognosis

a predicted or probable course and outcome of a disease or situation

autoimmune disease

a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks itself, targeting the cells, tissues, and organs of a person's own body

Atherosclerosis

condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries