Schema Theory

Bottom-up processing

Bottom-up processing

Cognitive process driven by data, where perception is unbiased by prior knowledge or expectations.

Top-down processing

Cognitive process influenced by prior knowledge or expectations, altering how information is received and processed.

Schemas

Mental representations derived from prior experience and knowledge, used to organize knowledge, guide behavior, and predict outcomes.

Schema Theory

Concept explaining how the mind organizes information into mental structures (schemas) that influence cognition and behavior.

Social Schemas

Mental representations of different groups of people, including stereotypes.

Scripts

Schemas detailing sequences of events rather than objects, like routines.

Self Schemas

Representations of oneself, influencing behavior and perception.

Assimilation

Integrating new information into existing schemas.

Accommodation

Adjusting or changing schemas due to new information.

Desequilibrium

State when new information disrupts existing schemas, leading to a reevaluation of understanding.