Language Disorders Review #2

T/F SLPs usually assess a patient as a part of a team.

T/F SLPs usually assess a patient as a part of a team.

True

Are there clear lines between assessment and treatment?

No, because you are always assessing during treatment.

Name three reasons to complete an appropriate assessment

identification of children with potential problems, establishment of baseline function, measurement of change

List the characteristics of norm referenced testing

identifies individuals performing at various levels, addresses a broad spectrum of content, items distinguish among individuals, performance is summarized using comparisons such as percentile or standard scores.

List the characteristics of descriptive testing

describes specific levels of performance, addresses a clearly defined specified aspect of language, items cover aspects of language, performance is summarized meaningfully using measures such as percent correct

T/F Normalist philosophy is based on a norm, or average performance level that society considers typical functioning

True

On an assessment, the norming group should have the same characteristics as the children for whom the test is designed. Name some of those characteristics

Gender, Racial, Ethnic, Socioeconomic

Define reliability

The repeatability of a measurement

Define test-retest reliability.

individuals are asked to take the test and then again at a later date. The scores are then compared. The closer the score, the higher the reliability of the test.

Define interjudge reliability

probability of two judges scoring the same behavior in the same manner (with the same score)

Define validity

a measure of the test's ability to assess what it purports to assess

T/F Test may provide very little information on overall language use

True

T/F Normed tests are always valid, reliable, and precise in measurement.

False

T/F A wide range of scores about the mean (±1SD) is considered to fall within the normal range.

True

T/F The "normal" range is about ½ of the population

False

What is the Standard Error of Measure?

Provides information about the confidence of the test scores

Why should the norming sample represent the population for who you are using the test?

because the norms have to reflect the person taking the test (ex. you doing a test in French would not be an accurate representation of your communication capabilities, but one in English would be)

Should you interpret each subtest separately on a standardized test such as the TOLD? Why or why not?

Yes, because each test targets specific things

T/F Spontaneous sampling is usually considered an accurate indicator of a child's overall language functioning.

True

Name some disadvantages of language sampling.

The level of language expertise needed to elicit and analyze a child's language, The amount of time needed to collect and analyze the child's language, The reliability and validity of the sample, Large caseload may preclude the use of lengthy descriptive procedures.

Should you make summation judgements regarding a child's language competence while observing "online"?

No, because you have to go back to the video and complete the assessment and thoroughly go through it.

Name a question you should ask a child in order to elicit a representative language sample.

What did you do yesterday? (open-ended); How do you make a PB&J sandwich?

Name a question that you should not ask a child while conducting language sampling.

Do you like trucks? (yes or no)

Where and during what type of tasks should a language sample be completed?

Least restrictive environment, natural context, play-based tasks, patient-centered tasks (what are they interested in)

What should be included in an integrated functional language assessment?

Standardized testing, oral/written language sample, behavioral observations, teacher/parent interview.

Name five features you should note while observing a child

Form of language: single words, phrases, sentences, Understanding of semantic intent (vocabulary), Language use, Rate of Speaking, Sequencing

Describe the Carrow Elicited Language Inventory (CELI)

Consists of 52 sentences that the child repeats, Contains scoring/analysis form and verb protocol, Ages 3 to 7 years 11 months

When completing a language evaluation, what aspects of language should you assess?

All parts of language; Pragmatics (social use), Semantics (vocabulary), Syntax (grammar)

T/F Pragmatic Language Functioning can be challenging to assess.

True

Name a pragmatics test.

Test of pragmatic language; The child's communication checklist

When testing semantics, what types of questions are commonly found on language assessments?

Picture identification, word definitions, and word categories (may include command following, naming pictures)

In the area of syntax, if results from a standardized test differ from a spontaneous language sample, what should the SLP do?

SLPs are advised to use elicited imitation results with caution and to rely on the data from the spontaneous sample

What are the two most common expressive test formats for morphology?

Sentence completion and sentence imitation

List three test modifications

Increase time/increase trials, Enlarge the materials, Give visual or verbal cues

Explain the test-teach-retest form of dynamic assessment.

Dynamic assessment is concerned with the child's ability to learn rather than his or her level of past learning.

Explain working memory.

Operates over a few seconds, Temporary storage, Manipulation of information, Requires good sustained attention

How can you assess working memory in a listening span?

listen to sets of sentences that increase in number, listen for the correctness of each sentence, recall the final word in each sentence; count dots and remember the number of dots in each group; perform multiple arithmetic problems, store the answer, and recall the answers at the end

How can you assess working memory with nonword repetition tests?

Designed to measure phonologic process efficiency independent of lexical knowledge; Repeat a list of nonreal words that vary in length

T/F Bilingual children receive less input in each language being learned.

True

Why is it important for an SLP to be able to distinguish between a disorder and a difference?

It could just be their native language effecting how they pronounce things in the other language

Before assessing a bilingual child, how can you determine in which language you should complete your language evaluation?

Language testing should establish language dominance (strongest) and the most appropriate language for intervention

What percentage of ASHA members are able to provide services in languages other than English?

2%

Define the components of being culturally capable.

Knowing: knowing and understanding history, culture, customs, and beliefs; Doing: doing culturally appropriate actions and behaviors; Being: being aware and demonstrating authenticity and openness to examining own values and beliefs

What is the difference between simultaneous bilinguals and sequential bilinguals?

Simultaneous bilinguals: Children who learn more than one language from birth; Sequential bilinguals: Children who begin to learn a second language after they have acquired the first language

T/F Most children are simultaneous bilinguals.

False

T/F Children may become silent for a while when first exposed to their second language.

True

Is there a critical need for nonbiased language testing for children of color, especially those with lower socioeconomic backgrounds?

Yes

When selecting interpreters to use in therapy, what should you consider?

High degree of proficiency in both language one and language two; Ethically and professionally competent (maintain confidentiality and impartiality); General knowledge and personality (flexible, patient)

When training interpreters to use in therapy, what should you consider?

include factors of assessment and intervention; understand the importance of exact translation from language one and language two and the reverse

Describe the type of relationship with the family and community that an interpreter should develop.

get to know the caregivers and the child; convey the confidentiality of the proceedings; it is the interpreter's responsibility to ensure that the caregivers thoroughly understand the process and the results/recommendations

T/F Norm tests are always valid, reliable, and precise in measurement.

false

T/F The normal range of scores is about half the population.

false

T/F The larger the standard error of measure, the more confidence one can have in the test results.

false

T/F Presuppositional and deixis skills can be assessed in referential communication tasks.

true

What are presuppositional skills

ability to assume what the listener knows

What are deixis skills

"this, me, you, over there, over here"

Example of a referential communication task

barrier task "put the milk in the top left corner"

T/F Standardized tests are designed to be effective rather than efficient.

false

T/F The accuracy of testing with secondary english language learners may be increased by using interpreters that speak the child's primary language.

true

T/F Most language assessments assess morphology thoroughly.

true

T/F Most common language assessments used by SLPs fail to measure pragmatic skills.

true

T/F SLPs should include some measure of working memory in a thorough language assessment.

true

Describe characteristics of the peabody picture vocabulary test

shown a series of pictures, told to point to a specific picture, tests the whole life span, tests receptive language

Describe characteristics of the test of language development

general language test (looks at morphology, semantics, syntax), the ages are from upper elementary to high school

When a universal criterion is applied, such as -1SD, a child with a language impairment has a ___ percent chance at correctly depending on the test.

50%

If the SLP is unable to understand a child during language sampling, what should he/she do?

gloss the utterance (ex. Child speaks unintelligibly and the clinician says "oh you want the truck to go vroom")