Chapter 20, Lesson 5 and Lesson 6: Special Circulatory Routes and Anatomy of the Pulmonary Circuit

Flashcards from Chapter 20, Lesson 5 and Lesson 6 of McGraw Hill Anatomy and Physiology, Tenth Edition, by Kenneth S. Saladin.

Brain flow

Done through autoregulation, vasomotion. and spatial allocation at constant 700 mL/min

Brain flow damage

Seconds of deprivation causes unconsciousness, four to five minutes causes irreversible damage

Hypercapnia

The accumulation of CO₂ in the brain; triggers vasodilation for more flow due to lowered pH

Hypocapnia

Too low CO₂ in the brain; triggers vasoconstriction for less flow due to higher pH

Caused by hyperventilation; can lead to ischemia, dizziness, syncope

Transcient ischemic attack (TIA)

Brief episodes of cerebral ischemia caused by diseased cerebral arterial spasms

• Can cause dizziness, vision loss, wekaness, paralysis, headaches, and aphasia

• Must be treated as a warning for stroke

Cerebral vascular accident (CVA)

The common name for a stroke, it is the sudden death of brain tissue due to ischemia

• Can be caused by artherosclerosis, thrombosis, and ruptured aneurysm

• Effects include bindness, loss of sensation, loss of speech, paralaysis, or death

Resting blood flow

Constricted arterioles and less capillary activity at 1 L/min

Working blood flow

Dilated arteries with more muscle metabolistes at 20 L/min; away from digestive and urinary organs

Pulmonary blood pressure

25/10 mmHg; slower for more gas exchange for absorption in capillaries (nearly no filtration)

Alveoli

The part of the lung that delivers oxygen to its surrounding capillary beds