patho chapter 13
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399 Terms
What is oxygen necessary for?
Cellular Metabolism
What is the waste product from cellular metabolism?
carbon dioxide
What are the two anatomical areas of the respiratory system?
upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract
Which respiratory tract is considered sterile?
lower respiratory tract
What does the upper respiratory tract have that the lower respiratory tract lacks?
resident flora
What does the nasal cavity do in the Upper Respiratory Tract?
warming and moistening of air; foreign material trapped by mucous secretions
What does the nasopharynx do in the Upper Respiratory Tract?
UNKNOWN [FILL IN LATER]
What is located in the posterior portion of the oral cavity?
Palatine tonsils (lymphoid tissue)
What does the epiglottis protected?
the larynx
When does the epiglottis close?
during swallowing to prevent aspiration
How many pairs of vocal cords are there?
two
What is the common name for larynx?
voice box
What is the trachea lines with/ type of cells?
pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
Describe the structure of the bronchial tree.
Bronchi-Bronchioles-Alveolar ducts to alveoli
What helps to reduce surface tensiona nd maintain inflation in the alveoli?
surfactant
What is the end point for inspired air?
alveoli
Where does gas exchange happen?
in the alveoli
What is ventilation?
Process of inspiration and expiration
What is it called when their is inspiration and expiration>
ventilation
What does airflow depend on?
Boyle's Law, pressure gradient
Airflow depends on pressure gradient. How does the air move?
Air always moves from high-pressure area to low- pressure area
If atmospheric pressure is higher than pressure in alveoli, that would be described as what?
inspiration
If atmospheric pressure is lower than pressure in alveoli, that would be described as what?
expiration
What does Tidal Volume show?
amount of air exchanged with QUIET inspiration and expiration
What is residual volume?
Volume of air REMAINING in lungs after maximum respiration