HUN1201 exam #3

appetite

a psychological response to the sight, smell, thought, or taste of food that initiates or delays eating

hunger

a physiological response to nerve signals and chemical messengers. hypothalamus

satiation 

signal to stop eating. occurs when food enters the GI tract and hunger diminishes 

fullness

the condition of being filled to capacity 

satiety

signal to not to start eating again. after a meal, the feeling of _________ continues to supress hunger and allows a person to not eat again for a while

protein

the most satiating macronutrient

50-65% 

the percentage of total energy expenditure that is due to basal metabolism 

metabolic activities

all basic processes of life: breathing, heart beating, etc.

body composition

the components of muscle, bone, fat, and other tissue that make up a person’s total body weight

physical activity

the most variable component of energy expenditure

female athlete triad

disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis

18.5

a BMI under _______ is considered underweight

25-29.9

a BMI between ________ is considered overweight

leptin 

a genetic deficiency of _____ is directly tied to obesity. 

beriberi

deficiency of thiamin

riboflavin

the water-soluble vitamin that is destroyed by UV light and irradiation

pellagra

deficiency in niacin

niacin

the water-soluble vitamin that can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan

birth defects

deficiency in folate leads to

pernicious anemia

deficiency in vitamin B12 leads to 

scurvy

deficiency in vitamin C

night blindness

deficiency in vitamin A

beta-carotene

the precursor to vitamin A

GI distress

toxicity in the supplementation of vitamin C leads to ______

niacin flush

toxicity in the supplementation of niacin leads to

rickets

the disease resulting from a vitamin D deficiency in children

osteomalacia

the disease resulting from vitamin D deficiency in adults

erythrocyte thrombosis

vitamin E deficiency (secondary from fat malabsoprtion)

hemorrhage

toxicity of vitamin E can lead to

vitamin K 

newborns are injected with _____ after birth because of their sterile intestinal tract

vitamin K

______ is synthesized by bacteria in the GI tract

blood clotting

vitamin K’s primary function is ____

vitamin A

the fat-soluble vitamin that supports vision and reproduction

vitamin E, A

the fat-soluble vitamins that are important for antioxidant, absorption, and storaget

vitamins A, D, K

the fat-soluble vitamins important for bone growth and remodeling

vitamins E, K

the fat soluble vitamins important for blood clotting

folate and vitamin B12

the water-soluble vitamins that depend on each other for activation