HOSA

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165 Terms

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Blepharo-

Eyelid

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Sarcoma

Cancer of the connective tissue

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Carcinoma

Cancer of the epithelial tissue

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Lazy eye

Amblyopia

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PRN

As needed

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ABG

Arterial Blood Gases

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Ad lib

As Desired

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AC

Before Meals

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Galactorrhea

Secretion of milk, not due to pregnancy.

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Cryptogenic

Unknown origin

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Ulcer

Deep loss of skin

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Wheals

Itchy elevated skin lesions

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Macules

Flat discolored skin lesions

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Papules

Elevated skin lesions.

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-gesia

sensitive

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mastectomy

surgical removal of breasts..

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Strabismus

Condition where eyes do not align when focusing, crossed eye

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Myopia

Near sightedness

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Hyperopia/Hypermetropia

Far sightedness

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Vas deferens

Transports sperm from epididymis to urethra

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Somatic and Autonomic

2 divisions of Peripheral Nervous System

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Uremia

Liver problem in which liver can’t properly filter blood

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CXR

Chest X-Ray

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Colles

Fracture in the radius

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Somatotropin

Hormone, decrease leads to dwarfism, elevated leads to giantism.

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Varicose veins

Dilated veins that have lost elasticity

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Foramina

Openings/holes in bones which allow passage of blood vessels and nerves.

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Comminuted Fracture

Bone breaks into 2 or more pieces

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Spiral Fracture

Bone twists like a corkscrew,

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Impacted Fracture

The ends of the bone jam into each other.

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Hip Fracture

Most common fracture in the elderly

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Distal radius fracture and proximal femur fractures

Most common fractures in adults

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2,500 calories

Daily amount of calories for males

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2,000

Daily amount of calories for females

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Cecum

Part of large intestine which connects to appendix

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Goiter

Enlargement of the Thyroid Gland

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Thyroid gland

Regulates metabolism by producing and releasing hormones

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Parathyroid gland

Regulates calcium levels in blood and bone

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Thymus gland

Gland in lymphatic system which creates produces and matures T cells, specialized white blood cells.

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Location of thyroid and parathyroid gland

Front of the neck, below the larynx

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Location of thymus gland

Between lungs and behind the sternum

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FDA

Food and Drug Administration

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USDA

US Department of Agriculture

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Defamation

Damaging someone’s good name

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Verbal Defamation

Slander

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Written Defamation

Libel

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Tort

An action which harms a persons body or property or takes some freedom of action away

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Contract

Legally binding agreement between 2 or more parties

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Expressed Contract

Terms are in detail

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Implied Contract

Agreement is assumed

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PHI

Protected Health Information, individually identifiable personal info obtained through healthcare

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Examples of PHI

Name, phone number, social security number, email.

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Ethical Issues

Defined by morals'/values, right vs. wrong

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EMTALA

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, If emergent care or labor is needed, hospitals have to treat even if they can’t pay.

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Legal Issues

Defined by laws, enforced by the government.

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HIPAA

Health Information Portability and Accountability Act, federal law that protects health info and makes healthcare coverage easier.

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Civil Law

Property rights, personal rights contracts, personal injury

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Criminal Law

Federal, state, local governments prosecute violators.

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9 amino acids

Amount of essential amino acids derived from diet

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Macronutrients.

Required in large amounts.

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Good Fats

Unsaturated, omega-3s

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Bad Fats

Saturated and Trans Fats.

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Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients, provide no energy value, important to body processes

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Purpose of Vitamin A

Improve eyesight and skin

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Purpose of Vitamin C

Fight infections, repair wounds.

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Who developed the ChooseMyPlate.gov site

USDA

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The 5 food groups

Fruits, Grains, Vegetables, Protein, Dairy.

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HAI

Hospital Associated Infections, nosocomial, picked up during care

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Cocci

Spherical Bacteria

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Aseptic

Clean, trying best to minimize germs, such as handwashing

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Sterile

Kill it all, equipment, gloves, tools. Not able to sterilize ourselves.

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20 seconds

How long you should wash your hands for

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The 3 transmission based precautions

Contact, Droplet, Airborne

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Contact Transmission.

You can touch it. Ex: body, items

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Droplet Transmission

You can breathe it, wear mask for precaution. Ex: cough, sneeze.

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Airborne Transmission

In the air. Wear special mask, respirator, or be isolated.

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5 steps

The amount of steps in the Chain of Infection

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Step 1 in Chain of Infection

Reservoir (Host)

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Step 2 in Chain of Infection

Portal of exit, through any orifice of body and open wound. Ex: nose, mouth, eyes.

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Step 3 of Chain of Infection

Mode of Transmission. Ex: Direct contact, droplets.

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Step 4 in Chain of Infection

Portal of entry, how it enters the body.

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Step 5 in Chain of Infection

Susceptible host, susceptible if young, old, ill, weak immune system.

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PPE

Personal Protective Equipment

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Examples of PPE

Gloves, gown, mask, face shield, goggles, shoe cover

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Examples of bacteria

MRSA, TB, Strep Throat, E. Coli

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Examples of Viruses

Cold, Flu, COVID-19

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Fungi

Treated with antifungal medications (Ex: creams, pills), Examples of fungi include ringworm, athlete’s foot, and yeast infections.

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Protozoa

Can be contracted through infected water. Some types of protozoa and parasites such as malaria. Other examples of protozoa and amoebas and Chagas disease. Treated with antiprotozoal meds.

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N95

Special mask used to prevent TB, COVID, and SARS.

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Sepsis

Infection has spread throughout body, can lead to organ failure and death.

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Code Red

Fire

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Code Blue

Cardiac Arrest

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Code Pink

Infant/child abduction

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Code Orange

Hazardous materials spill

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Code silver

Person with weapon

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Code Black

Bomb Threat

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Type A Fire Extinguisher

Ordinary Combustibles such as wood and paper

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Type B Fire Extinguishers

Flammable Liquids such as grease, oils, and gasoline

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Type C Fire Extinguisher

Electrical equipment such as wiring, computers, electrical