HOSA

Blepharo-

Eyelid

Sarcoma

Cancer of the connective tissue

Carcinoma

Cancer of the epithelial tissue

Lazy eye

Amblyopia

PRN

As needed

ABG

Arterial Blood Gases

Ad lib

As Desired

AC

Before Meals

Galactorrhea

Secretion of milk, not due to pregnancy.

Cryptogenic

Unknown origin

Ulcer

Deep loss of skin

Wheals

Itchy elevated skin lesions

Macules

Flat discolored skin lesions

Papules

Elevated skin lesions.

-gesia

sensitive

mastectomy

surgical removal of breasts..

Strabismus

Condition where eyes do not align when focusing, crossed eye

Myopia

Near sightedness

Hyperopia/Hypermetropia

Far sightedness

Vas deferens

Transports sperm from epididymis to urethra

Somatic and Autonomic

2 divisions of Peripheral Nervous System

Uremia

Liver problem in which liver can’t properly filter blood

CXR

Chest X-Ray

Colles

Fracture in the radius

Somatotropin

Hormone, decrease leads to dwarfism, elevated leads to giantism.

Varicose veins

Dilated veins that have lost elasticity

Foramina

Openings/holes in bones which allow passage of blood vessels and nerves.

Comminuted Fracture

Bone breaks into 2 or more pieces

Spiral Fracture

Bone twists like a corkscrew,

Impacted Fracture

The ends of the bone jam into each other.

Hip Fracture

Most common fracture in the elderly

Distal radius fracture and proximal femur fractures

Most common fractures in adults

2,500 calories

Daily amount of calories for males

2,000

Daily amount of calories for females

Cecum

Part of large intestine which connects to appendix

Goiter

Enlargement of the Thyroid Gland

Thyroid gland

Regulates metabolism by producing and releasing hormones

Parathyroid gland

Regulates calcium levels in blood and bone

Thymus gland

Gland in lymphatic system which creates produces and matures T cells, specialized white blood cells.

Location of thyroid and parathyroid gland

Front of the neck, below the larynx

Location of thymus gland

Between lungs and behind the sternum

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

USDA

US Department of Agriculture

Defamation

Damaging someone’s good name

Verbal Defamation

Slander

Written Defamation

Libel

Tort

An action which harms a persons body or property or takes some freedom of action away

Contract

Legally binding agreement between 2 or more parties

Expressed Contract

Terms are in detail

Implied Contract

Agreement is assumed

PHI

Protected Health Information, individually identifiable personal info obtained through healthcare

Examples of PHI

Name, phone number, social security number, email.

Ethical Issues

Defined by morals'/values, right vs. wrong

EMTALA

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, If emergent care or labor is needed, hospitals have to treat even if they can’t pay.

Legal Issues

Defined by laws, enforced by the government.

HIPAA

Health Information Portability and Accountability Act, federal law that protects health info and makes healthcare coverage easier.

Civil Law

Property rights, personal rights contracts, personal injury

Criminal Law

Federal, state, local governments prosecute violators.

9 amino acids

Amount of essential amino acids derived from diet

Macronutrients.

Required in large amounts.

Good Fats

Unsaturated, omega-3s

Bad Fats

Saturated and Trans Fats.

Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients, provide no energy value, important to body processes

Purpose of Vitamin A

Improve eyesight and skin

Purpose of Vitamin C

Fight infections, repair wounds.

Who developed the ChooseMyPlate.gov site

USDA

The 5 food groups

Fruits, Grains, Vegetables, Protein, Dairy.

HAI

Hospital Associated Infections, nosocomial, picked up during care

Cocci

Spherical Bacteria

Aseptic

Clean, trying best to minimize germs, such as handwashing

Sterile

Kill it all, equipment, gloves, tools. Not able to sterilize ourselves.

20 seconds

How long you should wash your hands for

The 3 transmission based precautions

Contact, Droplet, Airborne

Contact Transmission.

You can touch it. Ex: body, items

Droplet Transmission

You can breathe it, wear mask for precaution. Ex: cough, sneeze.

Airborne Transmission

In the air. Wear special mask, respirator, or be isolated.

5 steps

The amount of steps in the Chain of Infection

Step 1 in Chain of Infection

Reservoir (Host)

Step 2 in Chain of Infection

Portal of exit, through any orifice of body and open wound. Ex: nose, mouth, eyes.

Step 3 of Chain of Infection

Mode of Transmission. Ex: Direct contact, droplets.

Step 4 in Chain of Infection

Portal of entry, how it enters the body.

Step 5 in Chain of Infection

Susceptible host, susceptible if young, old, ill, weak immune system.

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment

Examples of PPE

Gloves, gown, mask, face shield, goggles, shoe cover

Examples of bacteria

MRSA, TB, Strep Throat, E. Coli

Examples of Viruses

Cold, Flu, COVID-19

Fungi

Treated with antifungal medications (Ex: creams, pills), Examples of fungi include ringworm, athlete’s foot, and yeast infections.

Protozoa

Can be contracted through infected water. Some types of protozoa and parasites such as malaria. Other examples of protozoa and amoebas and Chagas disease. Treated with antiprotozoal meds.

N95

Special mask used to prevent TB, COVID, and SARS.

Sepsis

Infection has spread throughout body, can lead to organ failure and death.

Code Red

Fire

Code Blue

Cardiac Arrest

Code Pink

Infant/child abduction

Code Orange

Hazardous materials spill

Code silver

Person with weapon

Code Black

Bomb Threat

Type A Fire Extinguisher

Ordinary Combustibles such as wood and paper

Type B Fire Extinguishers

Flammable Liquids such as grease, oils, and gasoline

Type C Fire Extinguisher

Electrical equipment such as wiring, computers, electrical