19. functional anatomy of upper limb 2

The wrist is classifies as…

a joint complex

Wrist consists of:

radio-carpal joint (and relationships between carpal bones)

what bones are found in the proximal row of carpals?

pisiform

Triquetrum

Lunate

Scaphoid

what bones are found in the distal row of carpal bones?

hamate

Capitate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

How to remember carpal bones?

Some - scaphoid

Lovers - lunate

Try - triquetrum

Positions - pisiform

That - trapezium

They - trapezoid

Can’t - capitate

Handle - hamate

where is the scaphoid found?

Lateral side articulating with radius

What bone is not visible from the dorsum of the hand?

pisiform

What is this joint?

Radiocarpal joint: distal end of radius and scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

what is found between the ulna and other bones?

articular disc

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

ellipsoidal/condyloid joint

radiocarpal joint capsule is reinforced by:

palmar, dorsal, radial collateral, ulnar collateral ligaments

synovial membrane in the radiocarpal joint does not cover:

the articular disc

What is indicated by the red line?

radiocarpal joint

what is indicated by the green line?

Midcarpal joint

Where is the mid carpal joint?

between the 2 rows of carpal bones

what is the function of the mid carpal joint?

plane than allows gliding, but assist with wrist motions

What is indicated by the blue line?

carpometacarpal joints

where are the carpometacarpal joints found?

between the distal row of carpal bones and proximal end of the metacarpal bones

What is the function of the carpometacarpal joints?

provide more stability than mobility

Gliding joints with limited range

How many carpometacarpal joints do we have?

approx 2-5

what ligemants are associated with carpometacarpal joints?

supporting palmar and dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments

The medial 4 metacarpal joints are what type of joints?

plane joints

the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is what type of joint?

saddle

What type of joints are metacarpophalangeal joints?

condyloid

what type of joints are the interphalangeal joints?

hinge articulations

Which muscles cause fexion of the wrist?

anterior compartment of forearm

which muscles cause extension of the wrist?

posterior compartment of the forearm

What are the flexors of the wrist?

flexors carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor digitorum superficialis

(Flexor digitorum profundus, palmar is long us, flexor pollicis longus)

what are the extensors of the wrist?

extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor digitorum

what muscles abduct the wrist?

flexor carpi radialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Abductor pollicis longus

what muscles adduct the wrist?

flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi ulnaris

what are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment?

What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment?

Muscles of the posterior compartment are innervated by:

radial nerve

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment?

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment muscles?

all innervated by median nerve

EXCEPT: FCU and medial ½ of FDP - ulnar nerve

where are the muscles of the posterior compartment found?

Where are the muscles of the posterior compartment found?