Road to revolution and independence flash cards

SS honors front page of the organizer

Navigation Acts

YEAR: 1651, 1663, 1673.

WHAT IS IT: British laws restricted trade for colonies. 1659: Prevented colonists from selling to other countries (only Britain).

WHAT CAUSED IT: These laws were passed to enforce mercantilism.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: It led to the solitary neglect and colonists started making their own laws.

Salutary Neglect

YEAR: 1600’s to mid-1700s.
WHAT IS IT: British policy of not enforcing trade laws on colonists.

WHAT CAUSED IT: British had limited tech to enforce and colonies were too far away.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: It allowed the colonies increased freedom with their decisions and a sense of Independence grew within the colonists.

Social Contract Theory

YEAR: 1689-on.

WHAT IS IT: John Locke's idea that the British government was obligated to protect People's Natural Rights (life, liberty, and property) if the government abuses its power than the people of the right to change the government.

WHAT CAUSED IT: Kings were breaking the rule of law.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: Changes in government in England; later it will be in the Declaration Of Independence—>American Revolution.

French and Indian War

Year: 1754-1763.

WHAT IS IT: Part of 7 year war in Europe; conflict between Britain and North American allies versus France and North American Allies fought in Ohio River Valley.

WHAT CAUSED IT: Frustrated with trade restrictions American colonists move west onto native lands in search of resources this Force native tribes into alliances with France.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: The British won and France lost land and power; ended solar turn neglect; taxes on British colonists to pay for the debt incurred for the war.

Proclamation of 1763

YEAR: 1763.

WHAT IS IT: A boundary line which banned colonial expansion beyond the Appalachin Mountains.

WHAT CAUSED IT: Britain won the French and Indian War and attempt to avoid issues with the natives who started with them in the war.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: The colonists ignored the line used to solitary neglect and so as the British attempt to control them.

Sugar Act

YEAR: 1764.

WHAT IS IT: British law taxing sugar and molasses. Paid by merchants (indirect tax).

WHAT CAUSED IT: British needs to pay dept and wanted yo punish smugglers and took away their “right to trial by jury.”

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: British officials found many of them guilty; angered colonists who they felt their rights were violated.

Stamp Act

YEAR: 1765.

WHAT IS IT: British law must purchase a stamp for all paper including legal documents, newspapers, and play cards. It's the first direct tax.

WHAT CAUSED IT: Britain needs more money and wants colonists to pay for protection.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: Colonists rallying cry “No taxation without representation” they don't want to pay tax if they don't have represintation in Parliament.

Stamp Act congress

YEAR: 1765.

WHAT IS IT: Meeting to petition parliament to repeal/cancel the Stamp Act.

WHAT CAUSED IT: Big Colonial protest, boycotts, not buying British goods, spying, and attacks on tax collectors.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: The Stamp Act was repealed and canceled by Parliament in 1766.

Declaratory Act

YEAR: 1766.

WHAT IS IT: British Parliament statement: They could make laws binding the American colonies “In all cases whatsoever.”

WHAT CAUSED IT: Repeal of the Stamp Act on the same day; to prove who's boss of the colonies.

WHAT DID IT LEAD TO: Parliament will pass the largest tax next.