AAC/GT History Exam

First president of the Republic of Texas, sympathetic to the Native Americans, later a U.S. Senator for Texas, governor of Texas in 1861, opposed secession.

Sam Houston

"Father of Texas", Secretary of State for Sam Houston in his first administration, died of pneumonia.

Stephen F. Austin

President of the Confederate States of America.

Jefferson Davis

General in charge of the Union troops during the Civil War, later became president.

Ulysses S. Grant

Texan who was the second highest ranking general in the Confederate Army, killed at the battle of Shiloh.

Albert Sidney Johnston

General in charge of Confederate troops during the Civil War.

Robert E. Lee

Founded Houston in August of 1836 on Buffalo Bayou (2 brothers).

John & Augustus Allen

Comanche Chief who worked with the U.S. government for the rights of Native Americans.

Quanah Parker

Vice president under Sam Houston, called the "Father of Education", moved the Texas capital to Austin, was not sympathetic to the Native Americans, did not want Texas annexed by the U.S.

Mirabeau Lamar

Elected president of the U.S. in 1860, a Republican, assassinated after the Civil War ended.

Abraham Lincoln

U.S. general sent to investigate Native American raids in Texas.

William Sherman

The last president of the Republic of Texas.

Anson Jones

Person who became President after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, avoided being removed from office by one vote in the Senate.

Andrew Johnson

December 29, 1845

Texas became the 28th state to join the U.S.

April 12, 1861

Shots fired at Ft. Sumter, Civil War begins.

April 9, 1865

Surrender of Lee (Confederate army) to Grant (Union army), Civil War ends.

June 19, 1865

Slaves in Texas found out they were free, called "Juneteenth".

September 8, 1900

Galveston Storm (a hurricane), worst natural disaster in U.S. history, killed 6,000 people.

What event (battle) signaled that Texas had won its independence from Mexico? (11)

Battle of San Jacinto (18 minutes)

What request did Mexico ask of Texas in order for Texas to be recognized by Mexico? (12)

Do not join United States

Why was Mexico's recognition of Texas important to Texas? (14)

Texas would be independent, no more invasions from Mexico, trade; if Mexico did not recognize Texas' independence, it was possible that Mexico could retake Texas

What caused Mexico and the U.S. to go to war in 1846? (16)

(16)Boundary disputes, annexation of Texas debt from Mexico not repaid, Manifest Destiny

Why did the U.S. at first refuse to annex Texas as a state in 1836?

It could upset Mexico

Give 2 reasons why the U.S. Forces won the Mexican War. (16)

Better supplies and equipment and better military leaders

What was the largest European immigrant group to come to Texas? (16)

Germans

Which part of the U.S. did most Anglo Americans immigrate to Texas from? (16)

Southern United States

What caused an increase in the demand for farm laborers in the 1850's? (17)

Large plantations that needed harvesting

What event opened West Texas for Anglo settlement and when did this occur? (20)

The removal of the Native Americans to Indian territory 1870's

What was the main grain crop in Texas in the 1850's and 1860's? (17)

Corn

What was the cash crop in Texas in the 1850's and 1860's? (17)

Cotton

Political party that was very strong in early Texas

Democratic Party

Which group did the Union League of Texas urge to support the Republican Party?

African Americans

Southern boundary of Texas recognized by México before the Mexican War

Nueces River

Marked the beginning of the oil boom in Texas, discovered January 10, 1901 near Beaumont by Anthony Lucas

Spindletop

One of the largest oil-producing areas in the United States

Permian Basin

State agency that regulates the oil and gas industry

Railroad Commission

Laws limiting the rights of African Americans passed in the South after the Civil War.

Black Codes

Amendment that abolished slavery

13th

Amendment that guaranteed citizenship to freed slaves

14th

Amendment that guaranteed African Americans the right to vote

15th

Amendment that guaranteed women the right to vote

19th

Idea that it was the fate of the United States to reach from the Atlantic ocean to the Pacific Ocean

Manifest Destiny

Land north of Texas, present-day Oklahoma

Indian territory

Largest cattle ranch in Texas in the 1800's, payment for construction of the state capitol

XIT Ranch

A family ranch, founded in South Texas, still in operation today

King Ranch

What were the 3 causes of the Civil War? (18)

"States' rights", tariffs imposed on the south, slavery, sectionalism, election of 1860

Where was the last battle of the Civil War? When? (18)

Palmito Ranch near Brownsville, TX, six weeks after the surrender 5/13/1865

Who surrendered to whom in the Civil War? Where? (18)

Lee (Confederate) surrendered to Grant (Union) at Appomattox Courthouse, VA.

What were three results of the Civil War? (18)

About 600,000 people killed, South lay in ruins, Union preserved, slaves free

What happened to many of the plantations after the Civil War? (19)

They were divided into small farms

Why did cattle drives begin? (21)

To reach the new markets where cattle would receive more money per head (supply and demand)

Was it cheap or expensive to drive cattle north to markets? Why? (21)

Inexpensive because cattle eat grass and few cowboys needed to drive thousands of cattle

Why were cattle branded? (21)

To show ownership

What were 4 early methods of transportation used by Texans in the late 1800's? (22)

Wagons, trolleys, streetcars, horseback, stage coaches, steamboats

What discovery in the early 1900's changed the economy of Texas? (23)

Oil

What words were used in cattle ranching that show Spanish influence? (21)

Chaps, lariat, lasso

Governor of Texas

Greg Abbott

Lieutenant Governor of Texas

Dan Patrick

Texas's Attorney General

Ken Paxton

Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives

Dade Phelan

Superintendent of Spring Branch ISD

Dr. Jennifer Blaine

Memorial Middle School Principal

Ellen Green

Mayor of Houston

Sylvester Turner

Texas State Representative District 133

Mano DeAyala

Texas State Senator District 7

Paul Bettencourt

Who was the governor of Texas that proposed the anti-trust laws? (24)

James Hogg

What city in Texas is one of the busiest ports in the world?

Houston

What city is known as the "city where the West begins"?

Ft. Worth

What city is a center of transportation, finance, and high fashion?

Dallas

What is the second largest city in Texas by population?

San Antonio

Who was the first woman governor of Texas? (26)

Miriam "Ma" Ferguson

What U.S. President was assassinated in Dallas, November 22, 1963? (28)

John F. Kennedy

What U.S. Vice President, from Texas, became president after the assassination? (28)

Lyndon B. Johnson

What U.S. president was born in Denison, Texas, and served as commander of the Allied force in Europe during WWII? (27)

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Who was born in Fredericksburg and was the commander of the U.S. fleet in the pacific during WWII? (27)

Chester Nimitz

Who was the most decorated soldier in WWII, from Texas? (27)

Audie Murphy

What constitution does Texas follow today?

1876

Three branches of government and their purpose.

Executive branch- enforces laws

Legislative branch- makes the laws (bicameral)

Judicial branch- interprets the laws

Name and describe the two houses (bicameral) of the state legislature

House of Representatives

\# of members- 150

Qualifications- 21 years or older, 2 years resident of Texas

Term- 2 years

Leader- Speaker of the House

Regular Session- January-May (140 days) on odd numbered years

Senate

\# of members- 31

Qualifications- 26 years old, 5 years a resident

Term- 4 years

Leader- Lt. Governor

Regular Session- January-May (140 days) on odd numbered years

The governor \____________ is the leader of the Executive Branch.

Term: \_______

Qualifications: \_____________

The governor (Greg Abbott) is the leader of the Executive Branch.

Term: 4 years

Qualifications: 30 years old, U.S. citizen, residing in Texas for 5 years prior to the election

Annex

To join or add a country or territory

Archives

Government or public documents

Plantation

Large farms or estates