Meat hygiene - Polish division 2024/2025 | Quizlet

Veterinary Inspection Structure in Poland

2025

- Competent authority checks carcass, body cavities, + offal.

- Official vet: Reviews food chain info; oversees ante- + post-mortem inspections.

- Plant staff: Handle hygiene + carcasses under supervision.

- Must allow delayed post-mortem if no vet at slaughter.

- Notify vet inspectorate for notifiable diseases (e.g. FMD).

Principles of human slaughter of animals

2025

- Animals must be alive at slaughter (except emergency cases).

- Emergency slaughter allowed to prevent suffering.

- Stunning required before bleeding.

- Handling must avoid stress, pain, + suffering.

- Care with transport, lairage, + hygiene.

What we should not do with cows, sheep, and goats

2025

- No slaughter without food chain info (FCI).

- Don't mix species or disease statuses.

- Don't process dead-on-arrival or unidentifiable animals.

- Avoid slaughter of heavily contaminated animals.

- Must complete ante-mortem inspection + documentation first.

Post-mortem examination of the head of a cow

2025

- Observe outer surface + eyes.

- Incise + examine 4 LNs: mandibular, parotid, lateral + medial retropharyngeal.

- Incise + inspect masticatory muscles.

- Palpate + observe tongue.

When do we perform bacteriological examination of the carcass + organs in post-mortem examination

2025

- TB lesions → test affected LNs/organs.

- Brucella (+/inconclusive) → separate slaughter + sampling.

- Bovine leukosis → test affected LNs/organs.

- Suspected septicemia, pyemia, or systemic infection.

- BSE suspicion → brain histology.

Pericarditis - aetiology, post mortem, sanitary and veterinary assessment

2024

Aetiology:

- Bacterial infection or traumatic reticulopericarditis.

Post-mortem:

- Thickened pericardium ± exudate, pus, or fibrosis.

Sanitary/vet assessment:

- Localized → condemn affected part.

- Systemic → whole carcass unfit.

Red offal exam in cattle

2024

- Includes: tongue, heart, lungs, kidneys.

- Observe + palpate all.

Heart: Incise base → apex via septum.

Lungs:

- Open trachea + bronchi

- Incise bronchial + mediastinal LNs.

Kidneys + diaphragm: Palpate.

Tuberculosis - aetiology, ante-mortem, post mortem, vet judgement

2024

Aetiology:

- Mycobacterium bovis (🐮, 🐷, human, etc.).

- M. tuberculosis (humans).

- Spread via inhalation or direct contact; humans also via unpasteurized milk.

Ante-mortem:

Variable, depending on the organ affected.

Post-mortem:

- Tubercles in lungs + LNs (encapsulated, calcified center).

- Lesions in meninges, BM, spleen, liver, kidney, joints.

- Enlarged, firm udder.

Judgement:

- Multiple organs → unfit.

- Single organ/LN → local condemnation.

Brucella - aetiology, ante-mortem, post mortem, vet judgement

2024

Aetiology:

- 🐷: Brucella suis, zoonotic.

Ante-mortem:

- Abortion, orchitis (testis inflammation), arthritis, abscesses.

Post-mortem:

- Often no lesions

- May affect reproductive organs.

Judgement:

- Lesions present → whole carcass unfit.

- Test (+)/inconclusive → condemn udder, genital tract, + blood.

- Slaughter separately to prevent contamination.