PSY 324 - Unit 11
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11 Terms
What is true about Deductive Reasoning?
it is rigidly structured; if you accept the premises to be true, you must accept the conclusion
What is true about Inductive Reasoning?
if you accept the premises, the conclusion is reasonable or probable; science is inductive at its core
What is meant by Validity?
if the conclusion follows the premises; no concern for correctness
What is meant by Soundness?
an argument is sound if it is valid and if it’s correct
What is Modus Ponens?
affirming the antecedent; is valid
What is Modus Tollens?
denying the consequent; is valid
What is the structure of denying the consequent?
P —> Q, Not Q, therefore not P
What is the structure of affirming the antecedent?
P —> Q, P, therefore Q
What is the structure of Denying the Antecedent?
P —> Q, not P, therefore not Q
What is the structure of Affirming the Consequent?
P —> Q, Q, therefore P
What is meant by the Base-Rate Neglect Fallacy?
ignoring the overall likelihood of an event (the base rate), in favor of specific and irrelevant information
Note 
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