Honors Chemistry 10th Grade Midterm Study Guide 🧪⚛️

Use the 5 papers given to you for this

Define Atomic Number

Number of protons and electrons (in a neutral atom) in an atom

Atomic mass

The average mass of all the element’s isotopes (protons+neutrons)

Mass Number

The exact sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

Period

Horizontal row on the periodic table

Group/Family

Vertical Columns on the periodic table

What makes magnesium different from sodium in terms of subatomic particles

Magnesium has more protons, neutrons, and electrons compared to sodium

What is a proton

Positively charged particle found in the nucleus

What is an electron

A negatively charged particle found in the electron cloud surrounding the atom

Neutron

Neutral particle that has no charge, found in the nucleus, also makes most the mass of an atom

Order of particles from smallest to largest

Electron, Proton, Neutron

Define Density

Mass per unit of volume

What is the unit of density

g/ cm³

What is the density of an object that has a mass of 25 g and a volume of 12.5 mL?

The density is 2 g/ cm³

How do you find density

MASS over VOLUME

Mass of an object that has a density of 3.75 g/cm³ and a volume of 0.88 mL? (Density over Mass in this situation)

About 3.3 g

Volume of an object that has a density of 3.75 g/ cm³ and a mass of 0.88 g?

About 0.2347 cm³

How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?

Water displacement

What is the SI unit for mass/length/ time/ temperature/ amount of substance/ luminosity, and electric current?

kilograms-kg, meters-m, seconds-s, kelvin-K, Mole-Mol, Candela-Cd, Ampere-A

What is the SI unit for frequency/ force/ pressure/ energy/ power/ Celsius temperature?

Hertz-Hz, Newtons-N, Pascal-Pa, Joule-J, Watt-W, Degrees Celsius-C

List the Alkali Metals

Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium

List the Alkaline Earth Metals

Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium

List the Halogens

Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine

List the Noble Gases

Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon

List the 7 diatomic elements

Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine

Where are the metals located on the periodic table?

Left side

Where are nonmetals located

Right side

Where are transition metals

The Center

Metalloids located?

Between metals and nonmetals (remember the staircase)

Write the formula for Iron(III) oxide

Fe2O3

Write the formula for Magnesium Nitride

Mg3N2

Write the formula for Calcium Sulfide

CaS

Write the formula for barium iodide

BaI2

Write the formula for Oxygen Difluoride

OF2

Write the formula for Dinitrogen Pentoxide

N2O5

Write the formula for Carbon Dioxide

CO2

Write the formula for Carbon Monoxide

CO

Write the formula for Lead (IV) Oxide

PbO2

Write the formula for Vanadium (V) Oxide

V2O5

Write the formula for Aluminum Nitride

AlN

Write the formula for calcium hydroxide

Ca(OH)2

Write the formula for Aluminum Sulfate

Al2(SO4)3

Write the formula and charge for Hydroxide

OH-

Write the formula and charge for Ammonium

NH4+

Write the formula and charge for Sulfate

SO4²-

Write the formula and charge for Sulfite

SO3²-

Write the formula and charge for Phosphate

PO4³-

Write the formula and charge for Nitrate

NO3-

Write the formula and charge for Nitrite

NO2-

Write the formula and charge for Chlorate

ClO3^-

Synthesis

A+B=AB

Decomposition

AB=A+B

Single Replacement

A+BC=B+AC

Double Replacement

AB+CD=AC+BD

Combustion

A Hydrocarbon + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide and Water

Know how to balance equations