LOPEZ STUDY

Catastrophic injuries

Cardiac

Blunt trauma or underlying heart conditions & Sudden Cardiac Arrest

-Commotio Cordis

-Hypertrophic

Cardio Myopathy

(HCM)

Heatstroke

Exertional heatstroke

-Working out in hot and/or humid climate

-Dehydration

HNS

Head Neck & Spinal Cord Injury

-Spearhead

Tackling

-Traumatic Brain

Injury

-Fractures

-Paralysis

Sickling

Exertional Sickling

-Sickling of Red

Blood Cells (RBC’s)

common in special populations

-Metabolic issue

Men

=MORE injuries

Women

= more SEVERE injuries in comparison

MDQ = Medically Disqualifying Condition

An athlete/participant cannot or should not continue activity for various medical reasons

the highest incidence of MDQ HS injury

Football

The highest NCAA overall injury rate

Wrestling

Types of Incidents

Emergencies

Unplanned or imminent events

-Threaten health, safety, or welfare of people

-Require a planned and coordinated response

Catastrophic

Result in severe functional disability, surgery, MDQ and possibly death

Critical Incident

Unexpected traumatic events

-Personal or professional threat that evokes extreme stress, fear, or injury

Traumatic Event

Incidents people experience

-Witnessing or confronting actual, threatened, or perceived death/serious injury

-Threatens emotional integrity

emergency action planning (EAP)

written document that provides protocols & procedures to follow in the case of a (sport related) emergency that is venue specific

Field Diagnosis

Formulating a clinical decision based on evidence, MOI, history and experience

Differential Diagnosis

A list of other plausible diagnosis

-“Plan B”

-Next steps if original diagnosis is ruled out

Platinum 10

“load and go”

Golden Hour

Approx. time treatment of shock and traumatic injuries

is most critical for patient survival.

Sign

Information found during the physical assessment

Symptom

Information from the patient

-patient experiences &reports

TUNNEL VISION

NEGLECTING TO RULE OUT OTHER POTENTIAL OR CONCOMITANT CONDITIONS

Red tags

Immediate help

Yellow tags

Those who require observation

Green tags

Wait and the “walking wounded”

White

Dismiss

Black

Dead

Alert

PATIENT IS FULLY AWAKE

-ORIENTED OR NOT

-SPONTANEOUS EYE OPENING

VOICE

RESPONSE TO VERBAL COMMAND/ COMMUNICATION

-3 COMPONENT MEASURES ARE EYES/VOICE OR MOTOR

PAIN

RESPONSE TO APPLICATION OF PAIN STIMULUS (STERNAL RUB OR PINCH)

-SOME LOC

UNRESPONSIVE

NO RESPONSE

UNCONSCIOUS

AIRWAY

PATIENT IS ABLE TO SPEAK

BREATHING

-RESPIRATION RATE

-CHEST WALL MOVEMENT

-PULSE OX (97-100%)

CIRCULATION

PERFUSION(SKIN COLOR,TEMP, MOISTURE

-CAP REFILL <2S

-PULSE RATE (60- 100BPM)

-BLOOD PRESSURE (120/80)

DISABILITY/EXPOSURE

D: LOC (AVPU/GCS);

LIMB MOVMENT;

PUPILLARY LIGHT

E: EXPOSE SKIN; TEMP

perfusion

the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue with adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs for oxygen, waste removal and nutrients

hemorrhage

Hemorrhage is the pathophysiological response to blood loss that can lead to shock

Stages of Shock:

Pre-shock/Compensated

Uncompensated

Reperfusion

MOF

DeathShock

allergic reaction with food

30 mins

allergic reaction w insects

15 mins

allergic reaction ( medication)

5 mins

A differential diagnosis is composed of all other pathology possibilities ( true or false)

True

An example of PPE

face mask

a possible issue with the triage tag system's reliability

Vitals can change rapidly

A patient who responds to a sternal rub is categorized as

P

Skin color/temperature/moisture are signs of

Perfusion

The earliest measurable sign of shock

Tachycardia

How long should sutures be left in the face?

3-5 days

How long should sutures be left in the extremities and trunk

5-7 days

What protein will the body release triggering systematic inflammation during the redistribution

Cytokines

Uncompensated

we begin to see vital organs maintained at the expense of non-vital organs

An example of Renal Losses (Hypovolemic shock)

Diuresis

A Crush Injury is an example of:

Third Space Losses

Syncope

Passing out