Endocrine Glands & Organs

Regulatory Hormones

Secreted by hypothalamus

Controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary

Antidiruetic Hormone (ADH)

Secreted by Hypothalamus (post pit)

stimulates kidney to decrease urine output, thirst center increases fluid intake, is a vasoconstrictor/vasopressin

Oxytocin

Secreted by hypothalamus (pos pit)

constracts smooth muscle of uterus, ejects milk, increases emotional bonding

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

Stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone

Prolactin (PRL)

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

regulates mammary gland growth and milk, may increase secretion of testosterone

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

Controls development of oocyte/ovarian follicle/sperm

Luteninizing Hormone (LH)

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

Induces ovulation of secondary oocyte from follicle, controls testosterone synthesis within testes

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

Stimulates adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids

Growth Hormone (GH)

Secreted by pituitary gland (anterior)

Release of insulin-like growth factors from liver, GH/IGFs synergystically induce growth

Melatonin

Secreted by pineal gland

Regulate circadian rhythms, functions in segual maturation

Thyroid Hormones (T3/T4)

Secreted by thyroid gland

Increase metabolic rate, increase heat production

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Secreted by parathyroid glands

Increase blood calcium by stimulating release of calcium from bone tissue, decrease loss of calcium in urine, formation of calcitriol hormone

Thymosin, thymulin, thymopoietin

Secreted by thymus

Maturation of T-lympho

Mineralcorticoids

Secreted from adrenal cortex

Regulaate blood Na+ and K+ levels by decreasing Na+ and increase K+ exreted in urine

Glucocorticoids

Secreted by adrenal cortex

In stress response, increase nutrients that are available in the blood

Gonadocorticoids

Secreted by adrenal cortex

Stimulate matruation and functioning of reproductive system

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

Secreted by adrenal medulla

Prolong effects of sympathetic division of the ANS

Insulin

Secreted by pancreas

Decreases blood glucose

Glucagon

Secreted by pancrease

Incease blood glucose

Testosterone

Secreted by testes (gonads)

Stimulates maturation and function of male reproduction

Inhibin

Secreted by testes (gonads)

Inhibits release of FSH from ant pit

Estrogen/Progesterone

Secreted by ovaries (gonads)

Stimulates maturation and function of femal reproduction

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)

Secreted by heart

Decrease BP by stimulating kindey to increase urine output and vessels dilate

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Secreted by kidneys

Increase production of RBC

Angiotensinogen

Secreted by liver

Converted by enzymes from kidney and inner lining of vessels to angiotensin II, increase BP by vasoconstriction and decrease urine output, stimulate thirst

Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs)

Secreted by liver

Synergistically with GH to regulate growth

Erythropoietin

Secreted by liver

Increase RBC production, kidneys major producers of EPO

Gastrin

Secreted by stomach

Facilitates digestion within stomach

Secretin

Secreted by SI

Regulate digestion within SI by maintaining normal pH in SI

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Secreted by SI

Regulate digestion within SI by facilitating digestion of nutrients within SI

Vitamin D3

Secreted by skin

Converted by enzymes of liver/kidney to calcitriol, synergistic with PTH and increases calcium absorption from SI

Leptin

Secreted by adipose connective tissue

Regulates food intake

Estrogen/Progesterone

Secreted by placenta

Stimulates development of fetus, physical changes in mom in uterus and mammary glands