Wave effects

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10 Terms

1

What can be used to study waves?

A ripple tank

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2

What is reflection?

A vertical surface is put in the path of the waves. The waves are reflected from the surface at the same angle as they strike it.

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3

What is refraction?

A flat piece of plastic makes the water more shallow, which slows the waves down. When waves slow, they change direction.

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4

What is the wave equation?

Speed = frequency x wavelength

Speed = distance per second - m/s

Frequency = number of oscillations per second - Hz

Wavelength = distance between wavefronts - m

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5

What is speed? (check)

Distance per second - m/s

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6

What is frequency? (check)

Number of oscillations per second - Hz

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7

What is wavelength?

Distance between wavefronts - m

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8

Explain refraction:

The waves keep oscillating up and down at the same rate (frequency), so when they slow, the wavefronts close up on each other. That follows the wave equation (s = f · w).

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9

What is diffraction?

The waves bend round the sides of an obstacle, or spread out as they pass through a gap.

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10

How can diffraction be significant?

If the size of the gap is about the same as the wavelength. Wider gaps produce less diffraction.

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