Halacha Schoolwide Y1 Y4 Tri 3 24-25

When is פָּרָשַׁת שְׁקָלִים?

The שַׁבָּת before ראש חודש אדר (the אדר that’s closer to the month of ניסן).

How many ספרי תורה do we take out on Shabbat פרשת שקלים?

2

Why do we read פָּרָשַׁת שְׁקָלִים?

Because in the times of the בית המקדש they would have to remind everyone to bring the מחצית השקל, in the month of אדר.

What did the בית המקדש do with the מחצית השקל that בני ישראל brought?

They bought animals for the daily morning and afternoon sacrifices.

When is פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר?

The שַׁבָּת before פּוּרִים.

Is the reading of פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר a מצוה דאורייתא or דרבנן?

The majority of פוסקים hold it’s a דאורייתא.

Is the מצוה of זכירת עמלק a מִצְוַת עֲשֵה שֶׁהַזְּמַן גְרָמָא?

No, because one needs to always remember the deeds of עמלק.

Do women need to hear פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר?

מחלוקת

Why are women obligated in קריאת המגילה if it is a מצות עשה שהזמן גרמא?

Because they were also in danger of being killed

Why can one Jew say a ברכה for another Jew even if the one who is saying the ברכה fulfilled his obligation?

Because of the concept of כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה.

What can someone eat on Purim night if he thinks it will be too hard for him to concentrate on the מגילה on an empty stomach? (סעיף ג)

Fruits, vegetables, bread and cake up to a כביצה.

Should people answer ברוך הוא וברוך שמו when hearing the ברכות of the מגילה?

No

The law that teaches us that one can perform a מצוה without saying a ברכה beforehand is _.

ברכות אינן מעכבות

Does one need to hear every word of the מגילה?

Yes

When should the reader repeat words in the מגילה?

If the listeners didn’t hear some words.

Can one read missed words or פסוקים to himself from a printed חומש? Why?

Yes, since one is allowed to read up to half the מגילה by heart. Reading from a printed חומש is no worse than reading by heart.

According to הרב שלום אלישיב does one fulfill their obligation if they “spaced out” during מגילה reading but was mechanically following along with their finger inside the מגילה? (footnote 115)

Yes.

From where to where is one not allowed to speak during the מגילה reading?

From the first ברכה till after the last ברכה.

What is the הלכה if someone accidentally spoke during the מגילה reading?

He he must read the from where he spoke till he catches up to the חזן.

What should one do if s/he forgot to say ועל הנסים?

They can go back and say it as long as they did not yet say ברוך אתה ה.

What custom do some communities have before the reciting of the מגילה?

To collect money as a reminder of the מחצית השקל.

What is the מצוה of מתנות לאביונים?

A gift to 2 poor people.

Define פרוטה.

The smallest amount of currency value.

What is the minimal amount one needs to give in order to fulfill the מצוה of מתנות לאביונים?

The smallest amount of currency value.

Can one fulfill the מצוה of מִשׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת at night?

No.

What is the basic מצוה of מִשׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת?

Two portions of food to a fellow Jew.

Where should a person spend most of his money for Purim: מתנות לאביונים, מִשׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת or the Purim meal?

מתנות לאביונים

What is the greatest form of happiness?

To gladden the hearts of the poor, the orphans, the widows, and the converts.

When do we read פָּרָשַׁת פרה?

The שַׁבָּת before שבת פרשת החודש

When is פָּרָשַׁת החודש?

The שַׁבָּת before ראש חודש ניסן

Define היסבה

Reclining

Do men need to eat the מצות בהיסבה?

Yes

What should one do if he has a large family by his table and does not have enough כְּזֵיִתים from the מַצָה on the seder plate for everyone?

He can give them מַצָה from the box and only needs to give them a כְּזַיִת.

What do the words כְּזַיִת and כְּבֵיצָה mean?

כְּזַיִת - The (volume) size of an olive, כביצה - The (volume) size of an egg.

How much מַצָה should one eat on פֶּסַח night for the כְּזַיִת?

It’s preferable to eat the volume of half an egg. However, for someone who finds this difficult they can rely on the other ראשונים and eat a third of an egg.

In general on Friday night how much bread does one need to eat?

A כְּזַיִת

Explain the term בכדי אכילת פרס.

The time it takes to eat a half a loaf of bread.

How much time is בכדי אכילת פרס?

Between 6-7.5 minutes. However, it is preferred to finish eating under 4 minutes.

How much time does one have to eat the כְּזַיִת of מַצָה?

בכדי אכילת פרס

Explain the term צאת הכוכבים.

Nightfall, when one can see 3 medium stars

At what time can one fulfill his מצוה of אכילת מַצָה?

After צאת הכוכבים

What does one need to have in mind before eating מַצָה on פֶּסַח night?

That by eating מַצָה he is fulfilling his obligation of eating מַצָה on פֶּסַח night.

Does one need to eat מצה again if one ate מצה without כונה for the מצוה?

No, one can rely on the other opinions that they nevertheless fulfilled the מצוה without כונה.

What should a man do if he ate מַצָה without reclining? (סעיף יז)

Eat מַצָה again while reclining without a ברכה.

What should a woman do if she ate מַצָה without reclining? (סעיף יז)

Nothing, and she fulfilled her מצוה.

Explain why one should not talk while he is eating the מַצָה.

Since the ברכה is going on the consumption of a כְּזַיִת of מַצָה, one should not talk until s/he fulfills this מצוה.

Explain why today eating מרור is a מצוה מדרבנן and not a מצוה דאורייתא.

According to the Torah the obligation to ear מרור is only with the קרבן פֶּסַח. Since we don’t bring a קרבן פֶּסַח we are therefore, not obligated from the Torah.

Is the obligation of חרוסת rabbinic or מדאורייתא?

מדרבנן

What does one need to make sure of when dipping the מרור into the חרוסת?

That he only keeps the מרור in the חרוסת for a short period of time in order not to neutralize the natural bitterness of the מרור.

Does one eat the מרור בהיסבה?

No

Why do we add red wine or vinegar to the חרוסת?

To remind us of the Jewish blood that was spilled by the Egyptian taskmasters.

Why do we do כורך if we just ate מַצָה and מרור?

To remind us how we would eat the מַצָה,מרור in the times of the מקדש.

Should one dip the כורך into חרוסת?

According to the שולחן ערוך and Rambam: Yes.

When is one allowed to freely talk after he recited המוציא and על אכילת מַצָה?

After one finishes כורך, in order that the ברכה of המוציא will connect to כורך

Define and give an example for a הפסק.

An interruption, for example saying a ברכה and then talking (interrupting) before eating.

What should one do if he accidentally ate כורך without leaning?

He does not need to eat כורך again while reclining. However, one would receive a special blessing from Heaven if he would go back and eat כורך again while reclining.

Why do we have שולחן עורך?

There is a מצוה to have a meal on every יום טוב evening including פסח.

Define אכילה גסה.

Eating after someone is full to a point where the eating is no longer enjoyable rather uncomfortable.

What does one need to make sure to do during שולחן עורך?

Not to reach a point where the eating of the אפיקומן will be an אכילה גסה.

Why do some communities have the custom not to eat any roasted meat on the seder night?

In order to avoid people from suspecting us of eating from the קרבן פֶּסַח outside of Jerusalem.

What is the Ashkenazik and some Sefardim’s custom regarding eating roasted meat on ליל חמישה עשר?

Not to eat roasted meat.

What is the Syrian custom regarding eating roasted meat (not whole and not the shank)?

To eat roasted meat on ליל חמישה עשר.

Why is it prohibited according to the Yalkut Yosef to eat the roasted shank on the seder night without boiling it?

Since this is the meat that is used to represent the קרבן פֶּסַח people might think we are eating קדשים outside of ירושלים.

What does צפון mean?

Hidden

Which מצה do we use for the אפיקומן?

The broken middle מצה that was broken by יחץ

Why is it forbidden to eat anything after צפון?

In order that the taste of the אפיקומן stays in one’s mouth.

Why do we eat a כזית of מַצָה at the end of the meal?

To remind us of the קרבן פֶּסַח that was eaten at the end of the meal.

Should one try to be hungry when eating the אפיקומן?

No, one should be in a satiated state where he can still enjoy the מצה.

Does one need to recline when eating the אפיקומן?

Yes.

What should one do if they lost the אפיקומן?

One can use מַצָה that was not set aside for the אפיקומן.

What should one do with his כוס before using it for ברך?

Rinse it inside and outside even if it is clean.

How should one pick up and hold a כוס של ברכה?

Pick it up with both hands, and then hold it with his right hand during ברכת המזון.

How high should one hold a כוס של ברכה?

1 טפח above the table.

Is one allowed to say הלל and/or drink the fourth cup of wine after חצות?

Yes, but ideally one should make every effort to finish before חצות.

Define מלא לוגמיו.a(סעיף ט)

A cheekful of liquid (usually refers to wine).

In general how much wine does one need to drink from a כוס של ברכה?

מלא לוגמיו

How much wine will require one to say מעין שלש of על הגפן?

This is a מחלוקת some hold a רביעית and some hold a כזית

Is there a problem if one drinks a מלא לוגמיו of wine?

Yes, he is putting himself in a מחלוקת if he requires to say מעין שלש.

What was the שולחן ערוך’s recommendation regarding how much to actually drink from a כוס של ברכה? Why?

Drink a רביעית and you’ll be obligated in מעין שלש according to all opinions.

Should one say קריאת שמע על המטה on פסח night?

Yes.

Should one say המפיל with a ברכה on פסח night?

Only if he is saying המפיל before חצות. If one is saying המפיל after חצות he should say it without a ברכה.

What does the word שבות mean?

An act forbidden on Shabbat by the חכמים.

What is the אִסור of דַּבֵּר דָּבָר?

Speaking about things that are forbidden to do on Shabbat.

According to the Rambam why can’t one tell a גוי to do מלאכה for a Jew on Shabbat?

The חכמים were concerned that this will belittle the value of Shabbat in the eyes of the public and will eventually lead to Jews doing מְלָאכָה themselves.

Is one allowed to tell a גוי before Shabbat to do מְלָאכָה for a Jew on Shabbat?

No.

Define the words בכדי שתעשה.

The time it takes to do the מְלָאכָה.

Is a Jew allowed to drink coffee on Shabbat that a גוי made for him if the גוי made it without being asked? Why?

No. One is not allowed to benefit from a גוי’s melakha when they were done for a Jew.

In the above case when can the Jew benefit from the coffee?

After Shabbat בִּכדֵי שֶׁתֵּעָשֶה.

Is one allowed to benefit from אַמִירָה לְעַכּוּ"ם when it was done without permission?

Yes, but you need to wait בִּכדֵי שֶיֵעָשֶׂה after Shabbat.

Explain the term שבות דשבות.

Doing an אסור דְּרַבָּנָן such as אַמִירָה לְעַכּוּ"ם which will result in a מְלָאכָה דְּרַבָּנָן

When can other Jews benefit from the מְלָאכָה in the above question?

They may benefit from it immediately after Shabbat but not on Shabbat.

In general what is one allowed to tell a גוי to do on Shabbat? (שולחן ערוך סעיף ב)

Only things that a Jew can do himself. For example: “Please set the table.”

Define שקיעת החמה

Sunset - when the sun dips below the horizon

How is בין השמשות different than the rest of שבת regarding אמירה לעכו"ם?

One is allowed to tell the גוי to do any מלאכה for the sake of a מצוה.

Define פסיק רישא ולא ימות.

Doing a permitted action which will result in the performance of a מְלָאכָה.

Give a modern day example of פסיק רישא

Opening up the refrigerator door which will cause the light to illuminate.

Is פסיק רישא permitted on Shabbat?

No

Is one allowed to tell a גוי to a פסיק רישיה?

Yes.

According to Rav Moshe Feinstein, why is one allowed to ask a גוי to disable the bulb in the refrigerator?

One is allowed to ask a גוי to do a מְלָאכָה on Shabbat when there is a great need.