Plant Tissues and Transpiration

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to plant tissues, their functions, and the factors affecting transpiration.

Epidermal tissue

Covers the entire plant, has a waxy cuticle which reduces water loss.

Palisade mesophyll tissue

Contains many chloroplasts to facilitate rapid photosynthesis.

Spongy mesophyll tissue

Has air spaces for gas diffusion (oxygen and carbon dioxide).

Xylem

Made of dead cells forming a hollow tube for water and mineral transport, strengthened by lignin.

Phloem

Made of elongated living cells with sieve plates for efficient substance transport.

Meristem tissue

Composed of stem cells that differentiate into various cell types for plant growth.

Guard cells

Regulate the opening and closing of stomata based on the plant's water content.

Stomata

Control gaseous exchange and water loss from leaves, with more on the underside to minimize water loss.

Root hair cells

Facilitate the uptake of water and minerals from soil, with a large surface area for absorption.

Translocation

Movement of dissolved sugars from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Transpiration

Process where water evaporates from leaf surface through stomata, creating a continuous water stream.

Effect of temperature on transpiration

Increasing temperature raises rate of transpiration due to higher evaporation and diffusion.

Effect of humidity on transpiration

Higher humidity decreases transpiration rate by reducing water vapor concentration gradient.

Effect of wind speed on transpiration

Increased wind speed raises transpiration rate by lowering external water vapor concentration.

Effect of light intensity on transpiration

Higher light intensity increases transpiration by opening more stomata during photosynthesis.