OCR Chemistry A: Synthesis reaction reagents, conditions and mechanisms

Halogen, uv

Alkane -> Haloalkane : Reagents & Conditions

Alkane -> Haloalkane: Type of reaction

Radical substitution

Alkene -> Alkane: Reagents & Conditions

H2, Ni

Alkene -> Alkane: Type of reaction

Hydrogenation / reduction

Alkene -> Alcohol: Reagents and conditions

Steam, H3PO4

Alkene -> Alcohol: Type of reaction

Hydration / Electrophilic addition

Alkene -> Haloalkane: Reagents and conditions

Halogen / Halogen carrier

Alkene -> Haloalkane: Type of reaction

Electrophilic addition

Haloalkane -> Alcohol: Reagents and conditions

NaOH

Haloalkane -> Alcohol: Type of reaction

Nucleophilic substitution

Haloalkane -> Amine: Reagents and conditions

NH3, Ethanol

Haloalkane -> Amine: Type of reaction

Nucleophilic substitution

Haloalkane -> Nitrile: Reagents and conditions

NaCN, Ethanol

Haloalkane -> Nitrile: Type of reaction

Nucleophilic substitution

Alcohol -> Haloalkane: Reagents and conditions

NaX, H2SO4

Alcohol -> Haloalkane: Type of reaction

Nucleophilic substitution

Alcohol -> Alkene: Reagents and conditions

Concentrated H2SO4

Alcohol -> Alkene: Type of reaction

Dehydration / Elimination

Primary alcohol -> Aldehyde: Reagents and conditions

H+/Cr2O72-, distill

Primary alcohol -> Aldehyde: Type of reaction

Oxidation

Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid: Reagents and condtions

H+/Cr2O72-, reflux

Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid: Type of reaction

Oxidation

Secondary alcohol -> Ketone: Reagents and conditions

H+/Cr2O72-, reflux

Secondary alcohol -> Ketone: Type of reaction

Oxidation

Aldehyde/Ketone -> Alcohol: Reagents and conditions

NaBH4(aq), warm

Aldehyde/Ketone -> Alcohol: Type of reaction

Reduction / Nucleophilic addition

Aldehyde -> Hydroxynitrile: Reagents and conditions

NaCN/H+

Nitrile (or hydroxynitrile) -> Carboxylic acid: Reagents and conditions

H2O/HCl

Nitrile (or hydroxynitrile) -> Carboxylic acid: Type of reaction

Hydrolysis

Nitrile (or hydroxynitrile) -> Amine: Reagents and conditions

H2 / Ni

Nitrile (or hydroxynitrile) -> Amine: Type of reaction

Reduction

Carboxylic acid -> ester: Reagents and conditions

Alcohol / Concentrated H2SO4

Carboxylic acid -> ester: Type of reaction

Esterification

Carboxylic acid -> Acyl chloride: Reagents and conditions

SOCl2

Carboxylic acid -> carboxylate salt: Reagents and conditions

Na / NaOH / Na2CO3

Carboxylic acid -> carboxylate salt: Type of reaction

Neutralisation

Acyl chloride -> ester: Reagents and conditions

Alcohol

Acyl chloride -> ester: Type of reaction

Esterification

Acid anhydride -> ester: Reagents and conditions

Alcohol

Acid anyhydride -> ester: Type of reaction

Esterification

Acyl chloride -> primary amide: Reagents and conditions

NH3

Acyl chloride -> Secondary amide: Reagents and conditions

RNH2

Ester -> Carboxylic acid: Reagents and conditions

H2O/H+(aq)

Ester -> Carboxylic acid: Type of reaction

Acid hydrolysis

Ester -> Sodium salt of carboxylic acid: Reagents and conditions

NaOH

Ester -> Sodium salt of carboxylic acid: Type of reaction

Alkali hydrolysis

Benzene -> Nitrobenzene: Reagents and conditions

Concentrated HNO3, Concentrated H2SO4

Benzene -> Nitrobenzene: Type of reaction

Nitration

Nitrobenzene -> Phenylamine: Reagents and conditions

Sn, Concentrated HCl

Nitrobenzene -> Phenylamine: Type of reaction

Reduction

Benzene -> Chlorobenzene: Reagents and conditions

Cl2, AlCl3

Benzene -> Chlorobenzene: Type of reaction

Chlorination

Benzene -> Bromobenzene: Reagents and conditions

Br2, AlBr3

Benzene -> Bromobenzene: Type of reaction

Bromination