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Ellis Island

Immigration station located near New Jersey and New York Harbor.

Nativism

Ideology advocating for the interests of native-born inhabitants over immigrants.

Urbanization

Process of making an area more urban, typically involving city development.

Settlement Houses

Organizations providing support services for poor immigrants and others in need.

Jane Addams

Prominent leader in the settlement house movement and Nobel Peace Prize laureate.

Political Machine

Party organization that controls political activities through incentives and power.

Pendleton Act

Legislation reforming civil services and establishing the US Civil Service Commission.

Thomas Edison

Inventor known for creating the lightbulb and other significant innovations.

Transcontinental Railroad

Railway connecting the east and west coasts of the United States.

Social Darwinism

Concept suggesting that wealthy individuals are superior and the poor deserve their situation.