Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases

Flashcards covering key concepts about communicable and non-communicable diseases.

What are communicable diseases?

Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms transmitted from one individual to another through contact.

Give three examples of communicable diseases.

Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19.

What are non-communicable diseases (NCDs)?

Chronic diseases that are not caused by infectious agents but by non-infectious factors like lifestyle and heredity.

What are the four main types of NCDs?

Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes.

Name the portal of entry for pathogens.

Mouth, nose, eyes, and cuts in the skin.

How can communicable diseases affect non-communicable diseases?

Many NCDs increase susceptibility to infections by reducing immunity.

What role does inheritance play in non-communicable diseases?

NCDs can be inherited through generations.

What lifestyle factors can contribute to NCDs?

Alcohol use, tobacco use, obesity, and lack of physical activity.

List two risk factors for non-communicable diseases.

Genetic factors and environmental factors.

What is the purpose of the WHO PEN disease interventions?

To address major NCDs in primary care, focusing on detection, diagnosis, treatment, and care.