APUSH Review Stock Market

Franklin D. Roosevelts quote in his inaugural address?

"the only thing to fear is fear itself"

overprotection and business failures had caused?

economic downturns

long term depressions were caused by?

widespread bank failures

depressions of 1930?

were longer

Great Depression?

A time of huge economic disaster

what 2 presidents would sought the recovery of the great depression?

Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt

"boom" in the stock market?

Wall Street New York city stock prices went up for 18 months

On Sep. 3rd

Dow Jones Industrial Average?

people who invested their money in the boom market of 1928?

lost their money in Oct 1929

When was Black Thursday?

October 24th

Black Thursday?

unprecedented selling in Wall Street and stock prices fell

When was Black Tuesday?

October 29th

Black Tuesday?

when stock prices fell sharply

Dows Jones fell from-to?

381 to 198

Dows Jones lowest?

41

depression was caused by?

Debt

Uneven Distribution of Income?

The rich got richer and the poor got poorer

economic classes thought they could get rich by?

playing the market

peoples use of stocks?

thought price of stock would go up and sell for quick money

buying on margin? \****

borrow most of cost of the stock

when stock prices fell?

many lost everything they borrowed and invested

what led to increased borrowing and installment buying?

low interests rates

business growth

productivity

farmers suffered from?

overproduction

what added to farmers sufferage?

long droughts and weather

congress in 1920s?

high tariffs protected business but hurt farmers and international trade

blame on Federal Reserve for?

tight money politics bc banks failed

Federal Reserves tried to preserve?

the gold standard

US failed to see Europes?

postwar problems

what weakened Europe more?

US loan repayment and high tariffs policies

The great depression influence?

made americas thinking and policies stronger

The US Gross National Product? \****

the value of all the goods and services produced by the nation in one year

The US Gross National Product dropped from-to?

104 billion to 56 billion

the bank crash?

ended Republican domination of gov.

homeless?

traveled in box cars and lived in shantytowns

Hoovervilles? \****

shantytowns named after the president

Hoover believed nation can get better if people?

did voluntary action and restraint

Hoover urged?

no cut wages

public relief should?

come from state and local gov. not federal gov.

Hawley-Smoot Tariff? \****

high tax for imports which led to less trade between America and foreign countries

moratorium?

suspension of the international debt

Federal Farm Board? \****

help farmers stabilize prices by temporarily holding surplus grain and cotton in storage

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)? \****

make loans to banks

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) intentions?

provide emergency funds to help businesses overcome the effects of the Depression

unrest on farms?

farmers got together to stop foreclosing their farms and evictions

Farmers in Midwest formed?

Farm Holiday Association

Farm Holiday Association? \****

stopping the entire crop of gain from going to market - violence resulted

Bonus March? \****

WW1 veterans marched on Washington to demand the military bonuses that they had been promised

Bonus March camped in?

shacks near capital

Bonus March was disassembled when?

2 veterans died in police interference

General Douglas MacArthur used what to stop Bonus March?

tanks and tear gas

depressions worst year was?

1932

Democratic nominee for president?

NY Gov. FDR

Democratic nominee for VP?

John Nance Garner of Texas

FDR pledged?

New deal

Hoovers nickname?

lame duck

the 12th amendment known as?

lame duck amendment

12th amendment?

separation of votes for President and Vice President

FDR expanded?

size of fed gov.

abt FDR?

only child

FDR was?

US ass. sec. of Navy and NYS legislature

FDR disability?

paralyzed by polio

FDR strengths?

personality

FDR campaigned from?

his car and wheelchair

FDR wife?

Eleanor

Eleanor accomplishments?

writing newspaper

Eleanor first woman duty?

influenced FDR to support minorities and less fortunate

FDR pledge?

"I pledge you

FDR campaign promise?

help forgotten man at bottom of economic pyramid

New Deal programs were to serve?

3 R's

3 R's? \****

Relief

Relief?

people out of work

Recovery?

business and economy

Reform?

economic institutions

chief political advisor?

Louis Howe

FDR source for advice?

uni professors (brain trust)

FDR high administrative positions?

A.A

sec of labor?

Frances Perkins

100 day long special sessions?

congress passed into law every FDR law

new laws and agencies?

WPA

why FDR closed banks?

give enough time for gov. to reorganize

Beer-Wine Revenue Act? \****

legalized the sale of beer and wine

21st Amendment?

Repeal of Prohibition

Financial Recovery and Reform Programs? \****

FDR acts to help

Emergency Banking Relief Act

gave the President power over the banking system

Glass-Steagall Act

increase regulation of banks and limit bank investments

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)? \****

individual bank deposits

The Home Owners Loan Corporation?

loaned money at low interest to homeowners

The Farm Credit Administration?

provided low-interest farm loans and mortgages to prevent foreclosures

Hundred days revolved around?

unemployed

The Federal Relief Administration? (FERA) \****

Federal program that provides funds to local relief agencies

The Public Works Administration (PWA)? \****

Helped construction workers get jobs doing public projects (highways

The Civilian Conservation Corps? \****

hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)? \****

construct dams and power plants in the Tennessee Valley region to generate electricity as well as to prevent floods

National Recovery Administration (NRA)? \****

attempt to get profits for business

Schechter v. US?

Supreme Court declared that the NRA was unconstitutional

The Agriculture Adjustment Administration? (AAA) \****

reduce production by offer to pay gov. subsidies

AAA was declared?

unconstitutional

The Civil Works Administration? (CWA) \****

Men and women paid by federal government to do public projects

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)? \****

monitors the stock market and enforces laws