Phrasal Verbs - Friends and Relations + Buying and selling + Inventions and discoveries

bring up

• Meaning 1

  • They were brought up to (= taught as children to) respect authority.

• Meaning 2:

  • Bring it up at the meeting.

• to take care of a child until he/she becomes an adult - nuôi nấng

• to mention a subject or start to talk about it - đề cập hoặc bắt đầu một chủ đề

fall out (with)

• Dave has fallen out with Jara and they’re not talking to each other at the moment.

to argue with somebody so that you are no longer friendly with them

get on (with)

• Do you get on (well) with the new boss since he has been here?

to have a good relationship with sb

go out (with)

• I used to go out with Hana, but everyone criticised us then.

to be the boyfriend/girlfriend of sb

grow up

• Meaning 1:

  • I’ve grown up with peace and happiness throughout my childhood.

• Meaning 2:

  • Stop throwing food at the table, it's time to grow up and eat like an adult.

• to become older (for children)

• to ask someone to stop acting foolishly or immaturely

• trưởng thành

let down

• Meaning 1:

  • I'm afraid she let us down badly.

• Meaning 2:

  • She speaks French very fluently, but her pronunciation lets her down.

• ​to fail to help or support somebody as they had hoped or expected

• ​to make somebody/something less successful than they/it should be

• khiến cho ai/vật gì đi xuống, khiến ai đó thất vọng

split up

• Meaning 1:

  • Anna and Tony have been split up for two years, and they haven’t contacted each other since then.

• Meaning 2:

  • We decided to split up the cake into smaller slices so everyone could have a piece.

• to end a relationship - kết thúc một mối quan hệ

• to divide a group of people into smaller parts; to become divided up in this way - chia ra, phân ra thành từng phần nhỏ hơn

add up

• The damage to this car might add up to a million francs.

to find the total of sth - tính tổng

come back (from)

• Meaning 1:

  • You came back (= came home) very late last night.

  • The colour was coming back to her cheeks.

• Meaning 2:

  • It's all coming back to me now.

  • Once you've been in France for a few days, your French will soon come back.

• to return

• to return to somebody’s memory

give away

• Meaning 1:

  • She decided to give away her old clothes to the homeless shelter as a gift.

  • The company organized a charity event to give away free school supplies to underprivileged children.

• Meaning 2:

  • The teacher accidentally gave away the answer, giving the student an unfair advantage in the quiz.

  • The politician's slip of the tongue during the debate gave away his opponent's strategy.

• to give something as a gift, or to present something - tặng quà (cho không, không yêu cầu phải đưa lại)

• ​to carelessly allow somebody to have an advantage - để lọt, để lộ

hurry up

• We need to hurry up! Otherwise, we’ll miss the train!

to do sth more quickly - khẩn trương

pay back

• So long as you pay me back by this Saturday, I’ll lend you money.

to return money (to sb) - trả tiền (cho ai đó)

save up (for)

• I need to save up my money for books to enhance my language proficiency.

to save money (usually for a specific purpose) - tiết kiệm

take back

• You’ve taken my daughter’s doll, so please take it back, or I’ll call your parents.

to return sth to the place it came from - trả về chỗ cũ

take down

• Meaning 1:

  • Can you help me take down the book on the top shelf, please?

• Meaning 2:

  • During the lecture, I quickly took down the professor's main points in my notebook.

• to remove (from a high place) - lấy xuống

• to write something down - ghi chép

break down

• Meaning 1:

  • The telephone system has broken down.

  • We (= the car) broke down on the freeway.

• Meaning 2:

  • Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

  • Their marriage had broken down irretrievably.

• Meaning 3:

  • Her health broke down under the pressure of work.

• Meaning 4:

  • He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

  • She broke down in tears as she spoke to reporters.

• Meaning 5:

  • Expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: wages $10m, plant $4m, raw materials $5m.

• to stop working (for a machine, etc.) - ngừng hoạt động

• to fail - thất bại

• to become very bad

• ​​to lose control of your feelings and start crying - mất kiểm soát trong cảm xúc và khóc

• ​to divide into parts to be analysed - chia ra để phân tích

come across

• Meaning 1:

  • I came across children sleeping under bridges.

  • She came across some old photographs in a drawer.

• Meaning 2:

  • He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really come across.

• Meaning 3:

  • She comes across well in interviews.

  • He came across as a sympathetic person.

• Meaning 4:

  • I hoped she'd come across with some more information.

• ​[NO PASSIVE] to meet or find sb/sth by chance - tình cờ gặp/kiếm một ai hay điều gì đó

• ​to be understood

• ​to make a particular impression

• ​[NO PASSIVE] to provide or supply something when you need it

find out

• Meaning 1:

  • Visit our website to find out more.

  • find out what, when, etc… Can you find out what time the meeting starts?

  • find out that… We found out later that we had been at the same school.

• Meaning 2:

  • He had been cheating the taxman but it was years before he was found out.

• ​to get some information about something/somebody by asking, reading, etc. - khám phá, tìm hiểu

• ​to discover that somebody has done something wrong - phát hiện ai đó làm điều sai trái

make up

• Meaning 1

  • Women make up 56 per cent of the student numbers.

  • The course is made up of 12 two-hour sessions.

• Meaning 2

  • He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.

  • You made that up!

• Meaning 3

  • Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?

• Meaning 4

  • We made up the bed in the spare room.

  • They made up a bed for me on the sofa.

• Meaning 5

  • The maid asked if she could make up the room.

  • They had forgotten to make up the room.

• Meaning 6

  • Has he made it up with her yet?

  • Why don’t you two kiss and make up?

• ​to form something

• to invent an explanation, excuse, etc. (often dishonestly) to trick or entertain somebody

• ​to replace something that has been lost; to compensate for something

• ​to prepare a bed for use; to create a temporary bed

• to clean a hotel room and make the bed

• to end an argument with somebody and become friends again

throw away

• Meaning 1:

  • I don’t need that - you can throw it away.

  • That old chair should be thrown away.

• Meaning 2:

  • to throw away an opportunity

  • You must take the exam - you can’t throw away all that work!

• to put sth in a rubbish bin or to get rid of something that you no longer want

• to fail to make use of something or to waste something

turn off

• Meaning 1

  • Is this where we turn off?

  • The jet began to turn off the main runway.

• Meaning 2

  • I couldn’t understand the lecture, so I just turned it off.

• Meaning 3

  • People had been turned off by both candidates in the election.

• Meaning 4

  • Turn off the lights before going out!

  • They’ve turned off the water while they repair a burst pipe.

• [NO PASSIVE] to leave a road to travel on another

• to stop listening to or thinking about sb/sth

• to make somebody feel bored or not interested

• to stop a machine working - tắt, dừng

turn on

• Meaning 1:

  • The dogs suddenly turned on each other.

  • Why are you all turning on me (= criticizing or blaming me)?

• Meaning 2

  • Much turns on the outcome of the current peace talks.

• Meaning 3

  • The discussion turned on the need to raise standards.

• Meaning 4

  • Anna turned Joly on to Russian

• Meaning 5

  • to turn on the heating

  • It’s burning outside. Can you turn on the AC, please?

• to attack sb suddenly and unexpectedly

• [NO PASSIVE] to depend on sth

• [NO PASSIVE] to have sth as its main topic

• to make sb become interested in sth or to use sth for the first time

• to start a machine working - mở, bật

pull off

• Meaning 1

  • We pulled off the highway to take a break.

  • She pulled off at the rest stop for gas.

• Meaning 2

  • We pulled off the deal.

  • I never thought you’d pull it off.

• Meaning 3

  • He pulled off his wet shoes and socks.

  • Don’t pull the label off the bottle!

  • Kenny pulled off the handle so we could not open the cupboard

• (of a vehicle or its driver) to leave the road to stop for a short time

• to succeed in doing sth difficult

• to remove or break sth by force or effort by pulling