9.6 Genetic Screening and Gene Therapy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to genetic screening and gene therapy, including definitions, applications, challenges, and ethical concerns.

What is genetic screening?

The process of testing DNA to determine a person's risk of having or passing on a genetic disorder.

What is the goal of gene therapy?

The replacement of a defective or missing gene, or the addition of a new gene, into a person's genome to treat a disease.

How does genetic screening help individuals?

It determines whether individuals are at risk for passing on genetic disorders.

What is the significance of the BRCA1 gene in genetic screening?

It is linked to an increased risk of developing breast cancer.

What type of cells does gene therapy affect if the gene is replaced in somatic cells?

Only the individual receiving the therapy, as these changes cannot be inherited.

What is one example of gene therapy's application?

Inserting a gene that stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells.

What challenge do scientists face in gene therapy regarding gene regulation?

Ensuring that the new gene does not produce too much or too little protein.

What is a concern regarding genetic screening?

It may raise ethical concerns about privacy.

What was the result of the first successful gene therapy trial in 1990?

Two children with a genetic autoimmune disorder now lead normal lives.

What is the role of viruses in gene therapy?

Viruses can be genetically engineered to carry new genes into the correct cells.