Biology end of year exam - shells

Some questions which will be in the test

A different version of a gene, brown or blue eyes

What is an allele

You only need one copy for it to be expressed

What does dominant mean

You would need 2 copies for it to be expressed

What does recessive mean

Heterozygous and homozygous

What are the names of the different alleles

Becuase they come from the same fertilised egg

Why would twins have the same characteristics

Capital letter

A dominant allele is represented by a _____

Nucleus

DNA is found in the ____ of the cell

Mates, food, water, territory

What do animals compete for?

Food, water, nutrients, territory

What do plants compete for?

The inheritance of acquired characteristics

What is Larmarks theory?

Necks, long neck, reproduced

Lamarks theory with giraffes - the ___ grew longer as each giraffe used its _____ for getting food. When the giraffe _____ the longer neck was passed to its offspring

Natural selection variation in neck lengths caused by differences in their genes due to mutations

What is Darwins theory?

More, reproduce

Darwins theory with giraffes - those with long necks get ____ food. Giraffes with long necks survive and ____

Habitat, disease, predators, extinct, adapt

Fill out the blanks - Destruction of ____, outbreak of a new ___ or new competitions or predators arriving can cause a species to become _____ if it cannot ___ quickly enough

The range of different organisms living in an area

What is biodiversity

46, 23 pairs

How many chromosomes does a human have?

Eye colour, face shape hair colour

What are 3 examples of genetic variation

Tattoos, scars and piercings

What are 3 examples of environmental variation

Glasses, height, hearing

What are 3 examples of genetic and environmental variation?

T and A, C and G

In DNA there are 4 letters to represent each base, which letters go together?

Xy

What are the terms for male chromosomes

Xx

What are the terms for female chromosomes

James Watson and Francis crick

What were the names of the 2 scientists who discovered the structure of DNA

The process where a seed turns into a seedling

What is germination

Light, water, oxygen and temperature

What do plants need to germinate

Dampen some cotton wool and place in a container, add seeds to the cotton wool and watch their growth when in a dark room

How do you test for germination

place the part of the leaf onto a glass slide and place it under the microscope

How do you examine a stomata

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

What is the word equation for photosynthesis