Max Weber F2

Interpretive Understanding

The effort made by sociologists to understand the diverse motivations underlying meaningful social actions.

Ideal Type

A theoretical construct that provides an exhaustive description of the distinctive characteristics of a phenomenon.

Calvinism

The theological ideology derived from John Calvin, emphasizing the predestination of individuals and the individual’s direct relationship with God.

Asceticism

A lifestyle characterized by strict self-discipline and abstention from indulgence, motivated by early Calvinists' beliefs.

Protestant Ethic

A set of values emphasizing hard work and frugality, contributing to the development and expansion of capitalism.

Rational Action

Behavior motivated by a calculated evaluation of a social actor's goals and means.

Value-Neutrality

The principle that scientists and researchers should remain unbiased and not impose personal beliefs in their work.

Bureaucratic Organization

An organizational structure characterized by a hierarchical authority and governed by formal rules and regulations.

Predestination

The Calvinist belief that God has predetermined an individual's fate, including salvation, at birth.

Charismatic Authority

A form of leadership based on the personal charm or appeal of an individual, often seen as unstable.

Emotional Action

Social behavior driven by feelings and emotions rather than rational thought.

Social Stratification

The hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups in society based on economic status, prestige, or political power.

Traditional Authority

Power legitimized by long-standing customs or traditions.

Instrumental Rational Action

Actions based on strategic calculations and a cost-benefit analysis.

Traditional Action

Social actions motivated by established customs and habits.

Charismatic Community

A group of followers who defer to the leadership of a charismatic individual.

Classes

Groups of people sharing a similar economic situation influenced by property and income.

Rationalization

The process of replacing traditional ideas with methodical rules and rationality.

Lawful Authority

Authority based on established laws and impersonal norms.

Subjectively Meaningful Action

Behavior that is significant to an individual or group, considering the motivations of others.

This-worldly

Material motivations and realities that influence everyday life and work.