Dementia PPT

What is dementia?

A deterioration and a progressive failure of many cerebral functions that includes impairment of intellectual processes with a decrease in orienting, memory, language, judgment, and decision making.

• Alterations in behavior, for example, agitation, wandering, and aggression

Patho: Dementia

• Includes neuron degeneration, compression of brain tissue, atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, brain trauma, infection, and neuroinflammation

• Genetic predisposition

• Viruses: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and slow-growing viruses associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, also lead to nerve cell degeneration and brain atrophy

• Types of Dementia:

  • Alzheimer’s disease

  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

  • Dementia with Lewy body

  • Frontotemporal disorders/degeneration/dementia

  • Huntington disease

  • Vascular dementia

How does dementia present?

• Slow onset

• Irreversible

Dementia: Clinical Manifestations

• Alzheimer’s

• Parkinson’s

Delirium vs. Dementia

Delirium:

• Acute Onset

• Reversible when cause is corrected

  Dementia

• Slow Onset

• Irreversible