Anatomy - the Eye

modified sebaceous glands whose oily substance lubricates the eye

tarsal gland

delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers part of the outer surface of the eyeball; secretes mucus

conjuctiva

composed of the lacrimal glands and ducts that drain into nasal cavity

lacrimal apparatus

What secretes tears?

lacrimal apparatus

“white of the eye”, outermost layer of your fibrous layer inside your eye, made of thick connective tissue

sclera

area through which light enters, no blood vessels

cornea

blood-rich layer of dark pigment located behind the retina that prevents light from scattering inside the eye

choroid

smooth muscle structure that attaches to the iris

ciliary body

pigmented area, regulates how much light enters your eye

iris

opening in iris for light to pass into

pupil

contains rod and cone cells that detect different wavelengths of light

retina

type of cells in retina that work in dim light conditions, allow peripheral vision

rods

type of cell in the retina that work in high light conditions, allow color vision and visual clarity

cones

cone-only area where vision is the sharpest

fovea centralis

breakdown of the macula

macular degeneration

center of the eye that contains fovea centralis

macula

Three types of cones responsible for detecting different wavelengths of light

blue, green, red

most common type of colorblindness

red-green

occurs when draining of the aqueous humor is blocked, causing fluid to back up and pressure inside the eye to increase; common in older people, most common cause of blindness

glaucoma

nearsightedness

myopia

farsightedness

hyperopia

Three steps on how you see

light waves bend, change mediums from air to liquid

light hits retina

optic nerve sends signal to occipital lobe