Chapter 3 - Electric Force, Field, and Potential

Net force

The on any charge inside a conducting sphere is 0.

metals

Generally, are good conductors and nonmetals are insulators.

Quanta

is the smallest package of a proton or electron that charge comes in.

static electricity

Electrons are easier to remove and in , we assume only electrons are being removed /added.

Zero

of electric potential=ground = a theoretical distance at which two charged particles are infinitely far away from each other and therefore don’t affect each other.

K

is the dielectric constant which shows how good of an insulator you have between plates.

ΔV

_ is the magnitude of the voltage difference between plates.

electric field

Inside a conducting sphere, the is 0.

Parallel plates

can be used to make capacitors (a device that stores charges and will be further explored in circuits)

negative charge

The direction of the force on a(n) is the opposite direction as the electric field.

Electric potential

is scalar (only have magnitudes)

E

is the magnitude of the electric field.

protons

When an object has more electrons than , its negatively charged.

Law of conservation of charge

The _ states that the initial charge of the system will always equal the final charge of the system

Conductors

__ allow charge to move easily through them

Insulators

don’t allow charge to move easily through them (held in place)

Charging by Friction

is accomplished by rubbing two objects like a fuzzy towel and iron rod, resulting in electrons jumping from one object to the other

Induced charge

An _ is created when a neutrally charged object becomes polarized (electrons clump up on one side of the object and positive charges pile on the other side)

Field

A __ is a property of a region that can apply force to objects found in that space

Electric potential

is the Electric potential energy per unit charge (provided by an electric field)

Equipotential lines

are lines on which a charged particle would have the same potential