NUHRA 2023-2028 Lecture Notes

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78 Terms

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National Unified Health Research Agenda (NUHRA)

The prime instrument of the Philippine National Health Research System (PNHRS) to direct activities and funding for health research.

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Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

A universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.

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Philippine National Health Research System (PNHRS)

The government's strategy for boosting health through research.

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Universal Health Care (UHC)

Ensuring that all Filipinos have access to the quality health services they need without suffering financial hardship.

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Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

A framework of analytical techniques that support decision-making in the setting of variable criteria that may be in conflict with each other.

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Disease Management

The study and implementation of strategies to prevent, diagnose, manage, and treat diseases.

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Halal in Health

Focuses on the application of Halal principles in the context of health.

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Health Security, Emergency, and Disaster Risk Management

Involves the study and implementation of strategies to prepare for, respond to, and recover from health emergencies and disasters.

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Health Technology and Innovation

Focuses on the development and application of innovative solutions to health challenges.

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Health of Vulnerable Populations

Focuses on research for the benefit of populations that are underserved due to factors such as socioeconomic status, geographical location, gender, race, ethnicity, age, or disability.

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Health Promotion

Empowering individuals and communities to manage their health through education, the creation of health-supportive environments, and organization of societal actions.

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Health Systems Strengthening Towards UHC

Understand and improve the efficiency, effectiveness, quality, and responsiveness of health systems, all aimed at achieving UHC.

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Maternal, Newborn and Child Health

Focuses on the health and wellbeing of mothers, children, and adolescents.

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Mental Health

Covers the prevalence, treatment, rehabilitation/management of mental health conditions.

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Nutrition and Food Security

Ensuring that all individuals have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life.

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Sexual and Reproductive Health

Aims to ensure that all individuals can have a satisfying and safe sex life, the capability to reproduce, and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so.

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Research

Action, a dynamic process of inquiry, investigation, and discovery.

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Create a Research Space (CARS) Model

Describes three moves that almost all research introductions make.

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Establishing a Territory

The author sets the context for his or her research, providing necessary background on the topic.

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Claiming Centrality

The author asks the discourse community to accept that the research about to be reported is part of a lively, significant, or well-established research area.

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Making Topic Generalizations

The author makes statements about current knowledge, practices, or phenomena in the field

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Reviewing Previous Items of Research

The author relates what has been found on the topic and who found it.

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Establishing a Niche

The author argues that there is an open niche in the existing research, a space that needs to be filled through additional research.

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Counter-claiming

The author refutes or challenges earlier research by making a counter-claim.

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Indicating a Gap

The author demonstrates that earlier research does not sufficiently address all existing questions or problems.

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Question-raising

The author asks questions about previous research, suggesting that additional research needs to be done.

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Continuing a Tradition

The author presents the research as a useful extension of existing research.

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Occupying a Niche

The author turns the niche established in Move 2 into the research space that he or she will fill.

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Outlining Purposes

The author indicates the main purpose(s) of the current article.

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Announcing Present Research

The author describes the research in the current article.

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Announcing Principal Findings

The author presents the main conclusions of his or her research.

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Indicating the Structure of the Research Article

The author previews the organization of the article.

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Evidence Gap

Results from studies allow for conclusions in their own right, but are contradictory when examined from a more abstract point of view.

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Knowledge Gap

Desired research findings do not exist.

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Practical-Knowledge Gap

Professional behavior or practices deviate from research findings or are not covered by research.

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Methodological Gap

A variation of research methods is necessary to generate new insights or to avoid distorted findings.

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Empirical Gap

Research findings or propositions need to be evaluated or empirically verified.

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Theoretical Gap

Theory should be applied to certain research issues to generate new insights.

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Population Gap

Research regarding the population that is not adequately represented or under-researched in the evidence base or prior research.

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Research Approaches

Plans and the procedures for research that span the steps from broad assumptions to detailed methods of data collection, analysis, and interpretation.

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Worldview

A basic set of beliefs that guide action.

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Postpositivism

Determination, reductionism, empirical observation and measurement, theory verification

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Constructivism

Understanding, multiple participant meanings,social and historical construction, theory generation

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Transformative

Political, power and justice oriented, collaborative, change-oriented

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Pragmatism

Consequences of actions, problem-centered, pluralistic, Real-world practice oriented

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Research Designs

Types of inquiry within qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches that provide specific direction for procedures in a research study.

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Survey research

Provides a quantitative or numeric description of trends, attitudes, or opinions of a population by studying a sample of that population.

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Experimental research

Seeks to determine if a specific treatment influences an outcome by providing a specific treatment to one group and withholding it from another.

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Narrative research

Studies the lives of individuals and asks one or more individuals to provide stories about their lives.

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Phenomenological research

Describes the lived experiences of individuals about a phenomenon as described by participants.

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Grounded theory

Derives a general, abstract theory of a process, action, or interaction grounded in the views of participants.

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Ethnography

Studies the shared patterns of behaviors, language, and actions of an intact cultural group in a natural setting over a prolonged period of time.

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Case studies

Develops an in-depth analysis of a case, often a program, event, activity, process, or one or more individuals.

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Mixed methods

Involves combining or integration of qualitative and quantitative research and data in a research study.

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Research Methods

Involves the forms of data collection, analysis, and interpretation that researchers propose for their studies.

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Research problem

Issue or concern that needs to be addressed.

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Researchable Topic

Topic that is practical and useful to undertake.

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Literature Review

Strategic process that justifies your study and positions it within a larger academic conversation.

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Abstract

Concise summary of your study, often considered the most important single paragraph, allowing readers to quickly grasp its essence.

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Style Manual

Ensures clarity, consistency, and scholarly credibility in your manuscript.

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Quantitative Theory Use

Testing hypotheses stemming from theories.

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Unmeasured factors that might influence both X and Y, leading to a misleading conclusion about X causing Y

Confounnding Variable

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Independent Variables (IV)

Those that influence or affect outcomes in experimental studies, often manipulated by the researcher.

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Dependent Variables (DV)

The outcomes or results that depend on the independent variables.

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Predictor Variables

Similar to Is but not systematically manipulated; used to predict an outcome in survey studies.

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Outcome Variables

The results of predictor variables in survey studies, sharing properties with DVs.

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Mediating Variables

"Stand between" IV and DV, transmitting the V's effect.

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Moderating Variables

Affect the direction and/or strength of the relationship between / and DV. They identify when or for whom an effect is stronger.

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Quantitative Theory

Scientific prediction or explanation for what the researcher expects to find.

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Theoretical Rationale

How and why variables are interrelated.

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Micro-level theories

Provide explanations limited to small slices of time, space, or numbers of people

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Meso-level theories

Link the micro and macro levels. These are theories of organizations, social movement, or communities

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Macro-level theories

Explain larger aggregates, such as social institutions, cultural systems, and whole societies.

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Hypothesis Testing in Quantitative Research

Hypotheses are derived from theories and tested through research. If a hypothesis is confirmed, it provides support for the theory. If a hypothesis is not confirmed, the theory may need to be revised or rejected.

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Explanatory Variable

A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable.

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Response Variable

A variable that is affected by another variable.

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Sociological Theory

Are abstract explanations of the social world that provide a framework for understanding social phenomena.

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A statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two or more variables fluctuate