liberalism - state - structure and mechanisms - a fragmented state

What did John Locke believe about state powers

State powers should be fragmented and scattered. This was a reaction to pre-enlightenment states where power was concentrated in the monarchy.

What do liberals argue about power

Liberals argue that power is more likely to be exercised wisely if it’s shared evenly reflecting the famous view of Lord Acton that “power tends to corrupt… and absolute power corrupts absolutely”

Liberals on state and human nature

• Disperse state power reflects liberalism is optimistic view of human nature.

• If individuals are generally rational and respectful and inclined to a peaceful self-determination. It seems reasonable to empower as many people as possible.

Locke and the constitution

The constitution displayed a series of ‘checks and balances’ to protect the concentration of power. This has become common in liberal states across the world it was influenced by the philosophy of Locke

Eg of checks and balances - a formal ‘separation of powers’ between the executive legislature and judiciary