gcse dt

ocr gcse dt (might have missed a bit)

Give 2 examples of products with planned obsolescence

Washing machines
Mobile phones

what is cradle to cradle

Cradle to Cradle: all material inputs and outputs are seen either as technical or biological nutrients.

what are technical nutrients

can be recycled or reused with no loss of quality

what are biological nutrients

nutrients that can be composed or consumed

give an example of a cradle to cradle product

Adidas and Parley - Ocean Trainers (Made using plastics from the ocean)

name 2 types of paper

copier paper
sugar paper

what are the thickness of boards measured in

microns- a micron is one thousandth of a millimeter

between what gsm is thin card

180-300gsm

what is the gsm of cardboard

300gsm<

what are the 3 main categories of timber

Hardwood
Softwood
Manufactured Boards

2 examples of hardwood

Ash
Birch

2 examples of softwood

Pine
Spruce

2 examples of manufactured boards

Plywood
Chipboard

what is a veneer

A thin slice of wood less than 3mm thick

what are MF Laminates usually used for

Decorative covering for chipboard for kitchen worktops

what is seasoning wood

removing the excess moisture by 80-90%

what are the 2 main forms of seasoning

Air Seasoning
Kiln Seasoning

name 2 points about kiln seasoning

More expensive (than air seasoning)
Controlled method which is very quick (up to a few weeks)

name 2 advantages of seasoning planks

Greater immunity from decay
Increased resistance to rot

ferrous

contains iron
will corrode quickly and easily

2 examples of ferrous metals

Stainless steel
Cast iron

2 points about non-ferrous

Much more resistant to corrosion

Generally more expensive than ferrous metals

2 examples of non-ferrous metals

Aluminum
Tin

what is an alloy (DT SPEC)

A metal made by combining 2 or more metals to give different characteristics

2 examples of alloys

Brass
Bronze

what are thermo-polymers

polymers that soften when heated and can be moulded into shape

2 examples of thermo-polymers

PVC
Acrylic

What is a thermosetting polymer

A non recyclable polymer that undergoes a chemical change to become hard. Once set they cannot be re-moulded

Give 2 examples of thermosetting polymers

Epoxy resin
Silicone

What are fibres

They are tiny hair-like structure that are spun together to make yarns, which are woven together to make fabrics

What are the 2 types of fibres

natural and synthetic

natural fibers:
creation
source
made into yarns by?
Examples

Nature
animals/insects/plants
spinning
wool/cotton

synthetic fibres :
creation
source
made into yarns by?
Examples

man made
Coal/Oil
extrusion
polyester/nylon

name the 3 ways that yarns can be processed into fabrics.

woven
knitted
bonded

Explains weaving from yarns to fabrics

-Produced manually or automatically
-Made up of warp(horizontal) or weft yarns(vertical)
-different weaves create different fabrics

Explain knitting from yarns to fabrics

There are two types of knit: warp and weft
warp cannot be done by hand
weft can be done by hand

Explain non woven forms of transforming yarns to fabrics ( a disadvantage, when they are used, the 2 categories and how they work)

-Lack strength
-Normally used of decorative purposes
-Bonded fabrics are made by applying heat and pressure of adhesives to bond together (one use)
- Felted fabrics are produced by applying heat, moisture and friction to matt the fibres together. Most commonly with wool or acrylic

What are technical textiles

textiles specifically developed for their function and are often made from microfibres

What does Coolmax do and what is it used for

Wicks water away from the body and improves breathability

Used for bedding, sportswear and underwear

What does Nomex do and what is it used for

I is heat and fire resistant and protects from fire and heat

Used for protective clothing for racing drivers and oven gloves

What does Kevlar do and what is it used for

Resistant to damage from sharp or pointed objects

Used for stab and bullet proof vests ,and is used in linings in motorcycle clothing

What does fastskin do and what is it used for

Mimics the skin of a shark to improve performance

Used in competitive sportswear

What are modern materials

Materials that are continually being developed through processes.

What is Teflon used for?

As a non stick coating on cookware

What is Plexiply

A form of plywood that is extremely flexible and can be bent into shapes

What are conductive polymers

Plastic products that can conduct electricity

What are smart materials

Materials that respond to differences in the environment

Give three examples of smart materials

Shape memory alloy
Photochromic materials
Thermochromic pigments

What doe shape memory alloy do

Remembers its original shape and returns to it when heated

What do photochromic materials do

React to light. Some glasses have these and darken in bright sunlight

What do Thermochromic pigments do

They change colour with temperature, and can be added to polymers to create plastics which react to heat.

What are geotextiles

Permeable fabrics which, when used with soil, can separate, filter, or reinforce, protect or drain

What to geotextiles do

Make poor soil manageable.

What is Rhovyl

An innovative fibre containing an antibacterial substance, preventing the development of bacteria

What is carbon fibre made out of

Thin, strong crystalline filaments of carbon

Give 5 properties of carbon fibre

-High in stiffness
-High in tensile strength
-Low weight to strength ratio
-High in chemical resistance
-Temp. tolerant to excessive heat

Give 3 advantages of Glass reinforced plastic (GRP)

- Resistant to corrosion
- High tensile strength
- Non-conductive

what are the 5 steps of Identifying primary user and wider stakeholder requirements

1. Find a target market
2. Assess who the stakeholders should be
3. Develop a brief (in relation to your market and stakeholders)
4. Research the market
5. Create a target market

linear economy vs reuse economy vs circular economy

Linear Economy- take,make,dispose

Circular economy- make,use,recycle

what are the 6 Rs

Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Rethink
Refuse
Repair

what is planned obsolescence

The business practice of deliberately outdating an item before the end of its useful life

what is context

The situation or context which a design solution is intended has an affect on many decisions that will be made

what is important to consider when creating a context

Place it will be used
Users
Purpose
Price

what is ergonomics

understanding interactions between people and things

what is anthropometrics

people measurements 5-95%

what is inclusive design

designing for the widest possible audience

technology push vs market pull

technology push is a new innovative product whereas market pull is something needed from the market