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Atmospheric Composition
a) 78% nitrogen
b) 21% oxygen
c) 0.93% argon
d) 0.0038% carbon dioxide
e) 0.00005% ozone
Organism Defense by Earth
Earth’s magnetic field was born 3.45 billion years ago, shielded early life from deadly solar radiation
-Allowed for early life, like anaerobes
Cyanobacteria — created the world’s largest pollution event: Oxygen
Atmospheric Envelope and Greenhouse Earth
Troposphere
Earth’s surface 9-16km
Atmospheric gases most concentrated
Stratosphere
Troposphere to 50km
Ozone is most concentrated
Mesosphere and Thermosphere
Extend above stratosphere
Greenhouse Gases
Heat trapped using greenhouse gases (water, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, CFCs)
-Without greenhouse gases, average temperature would be -18C
-30% incoming solar radiation are reflected into space due to greenhouse gases, done by clouds/particulates
Atmosphere and Solar Energy
70% of solar energy is absorbed by atmosphere or earth’s surface, then:
Re-emitted as infrared radiation
Absorbed by greenhouse gases
Radiated back to Earth