Active and passive transport

Equilibrium

the concentration of molecules is equal or evenly dispersed throughout a space.

Facilitated Diffusion

the (passive) movement of large particles or substances across the cell membrane through protein channels.

Osmosis

the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane (cell membrane). NOTE: Water always moves toward high solute concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Homeostasis

Maintaining a stable internal environment.

solute

particles that are dissolved in the solvent

Active Transport

the moving of substances across the cell membrane AGAINST the concentration gradient (from low to high) using ENERGY (ATP).

Endocytosis

The cell engulfs large molecules and draws them into the cell, allowing them to enter against the concentration gradient. (ENTERS)

Exocytosis

The cell packages materials in a vesicle and pushes it out of the cell for cell products (proteins, hormones, steroids, enzymes, and waste) forcing the materials to exit against the concentration gradient. (EXITS)

Cell Transport

The movement of materials across cell membranes. Cell transport includes passive and active transport.

Selectively Permeable

describes how the cell membrane allows some materials to pass through while others cannot

Passive Transport

The movement of materials through a cell membrane from high to low concentration without using energy

Diffusion

A type of passive transport that moves molecules of solids and gases from areas of high to low concentration

Solvent

the substance in which the solute dissolves

Solution

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane