Martell - US History Honors Final Review

Who painted 'American Progress'?

Gast

What were the Impresarios in Texas?

Land agents for the Mexican government

Who improved on an earlier device and created the telegraph?

Samuel B. Morse

What was the fastest means of land transportation in the mid-19th century?

Train

Was the Treaty of Fort Laramie effective at stopping American settlers from moving west?

False

What is the term for Native Americans being forced to adopt the culture of white settlers?

Assimilation

What is the economic system where private corporations control production?

Capitalism

What two countries were involved in the Aroostook War?

The United States and Canada (Great Britain at the time)

Why was Texas a popular destination for migrants?

The cheap land

What was the main trail to the Willamette Valley?

Oregon Trail

What improved during the first half of the 19th century?

The standard of living for the average American

What was the main appeal of Texas for American settlers under Mexican rule?

Cheap land

Which group played a major role in settling the American West?

The Mormons

What does the slogan 'Fifty-Four Forty or Fight' refer to?

The northern boundary of the Oregon Territory

What advantage did railroads offer in early years of travel?

Speed

What domestic conflict delayed the annexation of Texas?

The balance of free and slave states

Which present-day state was not ceded to the U.S. after the Mexican-American War?

Texas

What event created a diverse population in California?

The Gold Rush

Who was the president during the Mexican-American War?

James K. Polk

What did expansionists believe Manifest Destiny would do?

To lessen population pressures, expand markets for U.S. products, and extend slavery.

Who were the '49ers'?

People hoping to find gold in California.

What was the official name of the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War?

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

What did the Donner Party's experience illustrate about westward travel?

It was full of danger.

What did the Wilmot Proviso propose regarding slavery?

That slavery should be banned from all territories won from Mexico.

Why were threats of secession feared during the Antebellum period?

People believed that they could result in the break-up of the Union.

Which figure did not support the Compromise of 1850?

John C. Calhoun.

According to popular sovereignty, who decides if slavery is allowed in a territory?

The residents of the territory.

Who was one of the most active conductors on the Underground Railroad?

Harriet Tubman.

Who wrote 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'?

Harriet Beecher Stowe.

What was the main topic of the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

Slavery in the territories.

What did the Dred Scott decision NOT do?

Guarantee that slavery would not be allowed in future states.

Which state was NOT part of the Confederacy?

Maryland.

What was NOT an example of Northern resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act?

Raids to free slaves in border states.

What is the term for an unreasonable and often unfavorable opinion of another group not born in America?

Nativism.

What was a well-known aspect of the Know-Nothing Party?

It was anti-immigrant.

Who were the main supporters of the new Republican Party?

Antislavery Northerners.

What happened to the Democratic Party in the election year of 1860?

It split into northern and southern divisions.

Who was elected president of the United States in 1860?

Abraham Lincoln.

Which state seceded on January 19, 1861?

Georgia

What was the easternmost slave state that remained in the Union?

Delaware

Which state prohibited slavery?

Ohio

Which slave state was bordered on three sides by Union states?

Missouri

What legislation allowed California to be admitted as a free state and allowed voters in Utah and New Mexico territories to decide on slavery?

Compromise of 1850

What proposed prohibiting slavery in California and other territories acquired from Mexico?

Wilmot Proviso

What term describes Northerners who objected to slavery's impact on free white workers?

Free Soilers

According to what principle did residents of a territory have the right to vote for or against slavery?

Popular Sovereignty

What laws did nine Northern states pass forbidding the imprisonment of runaway slaves?

Personal Liberty Laws

What was Abraham Lincoln's main goal when the Civil War began?

To restore the Union

In which area did the South have an advantage over the North in the Civil War?

Military leadership

Why is the Battle of Gettysburg considered a turning point in the Civil War?

It made the South give up the idea of invading the North

What was the stated aim of the Emancipation Proclamation?

To free slaves behind Confederate lines

What was Clara Barton's role in the Civil War?

Nurse on the battlefield

Whose idea was the 'Anaconda Plan'?

Winfield Scott

What was not part of the Union's three-part plan to conquer the South?

Drafting freed slaves to fight for the Union

Grant and Sherman's strategy of total war targeted not only the Confederate army but also whom?

The civilian population of the South

Who was the Republican who won the presidency in 1860?

Abraham Lincoln

Who was the Union commander who burned a path through Georgia to the sea?

William Tecumseh Sherman

Who was fired by Abraham Lincoln for being too slow?

George McClellan

Who was the notable Confederate commander from Virginia?

Robert E. Lee

Who shot Abraham Lincoln?

John Wilkes Booth

Which president was impeached for violating the Tenure of Office Act?

Andrew Johnson

Who was the Secretary of War fired by President Johnson?

Edwin Stanton

Which group committed acts of violence against African Americans during Reconstruction?

Ku Klux Klan

What was the reason for Andrew Johnson's impeachment?

He opposed legislation favorable to African Americans.

What was the purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau?

To offer aid to former slaves.

What did the Fourteenth Amendment accomplish?

Defined citizenship.

Who was the congressional leader of the Radical Republicans?

Thaddeus Stevens

The Fourteenth Amendment is very similar to which act?

Civil Rights Act of 1866.

During Reconstruction, who was least benefited by sharecropping?

Sharecroppers.

Which of the following is not a description of Thaddeus Stevens?

A moderate.

What did the Compromise of 1877 signal the end of?

Reconstruction.

According to which amendment can no one be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement?

Fifteenth Amendment.

What action indicated President Andrew Johnson's lack of support for African American rights?

He vetoed the Freedmen's Act and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

Which of these men was not a Republican?

Andrew Johnson.

What were White Southerners who joined the Republican Party called?

Scalawags.

What does it mean to impeach?

Find enough evidence to charge an elected official

How many military districts was the South divided into during Reconstruction?

5