Anatomy lab quiz

3 meninges of spine and spaces between

Dura (most outer), subdural space (between), arachnoid, (subarchboid space), pia mater (direct contact with brain)

Anterior horn of spinal cord

Cell bodies of motor neurons

Posterior Horn of spinal cord

cell bodies of sensory neurons

Lateral Horn of Spinal Cord

Cell bodies of sympathetic autonomic neurons

Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum)

Superior part of brain (personality, language, learning)

The two cerebral hemisphers are separated by

Longitudinal fissure

The cerebrum and cerebellum are separated by

transverse fissure

Elevated ridges

Gyri

Shallow Grooves (wrinkle)

Sulci

What is the purpose for gyri and sulci?

Increase brain’s surface area, increase speed at which neurons communicate

Cerebrum five lobes

Frontal, parital, temporal, occipital, insula

Lateral sulcus

Frontal and temporal lobes separated

Central sulcus

Frontal and parietal

Cerebral cortex

Outer 2mm of cerebrum made of gray matter

Corpus callosum

Largest tract of cerebral white matter

Basal nuclei

Responsible for voluntary motor functions

White matter

myelinated axons

Diencephalon

central core of brain

Diencephalon consists of

Thalamis, hypothalamus, epithalamis

Parts of limbic system

Hippocampus, amygdala, fornix

Cerebellum

Coordinates motor movement

Two lobes of cerbellum are connected by

Vermis

Outer portion of cerebellum (cerebellar cortex) is made of

gray matter

Inner portion of cerebellum is made of

White matter called arbor vitae

Brain stem is made of

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Midbrain

most superior portion

Above the midbrain are

two projections - superior and inferior colliculi (relay auditory and visual stimuli)

Pons

Below midbrain; responsible for circardian rhythym

Medulla oblongata

Inferior to pons; regulates heart rate, blood pressure

Cranial Meninges

3 membranes that surround brain

Spinal meninges

Membranes that protect spinal cord

Epidural space

space between dura and interior vertebral foramen (think above dura)

Hippocampus

Learning + memory

Fornix

connected to hippocampus, output is delivered to other parts of brain

Amygdala

Emotional expression (face)

Cervical Plexus consists of

C1-C4 with a little C5

Brachial Plexsus consists of

C5 - T1

Lumbar plexsus consist of

L1-L4 with a little from T12

Sacral plexuses consist of

L4 - S4

Fascicle

Bundle of axons within a neuron

Endoneurium

connective tissue sheath that coves each axon

Perineurium

connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fasicile

Epineurium

connective tissue sheath that binds together fasiciles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels