Unit 2 Cholesterol lowering drugs (by default lowers LDL, increases HDL, lowers TG unless stated otherwise)

Statins mechanism

Inhibit HMG coa reductase

Statins symptoms

Hepatotoxicity (damaged liver), myopathy (damaged muscles)

DO NOT TAKE WITH FIBRATES OR NIACIN

Bile acid sequesters mechanism

Increases TG, removes intestinal bile acids (cholesterol used to make more bile acids)

Bile acids sequesters symptoms

Gas, lowered absorption of fat soluble vitamins

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors mechanism

Inhibits cholesterol absorption at brush border (cell surface of small intestine)

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors symptoms

Diarrhea

Fibrates mechanism

Clears TG, synthesizes HDL

Fibrates symptoms

Myopathy (muscle disorder)

DO NOT TAKE WITH STATINS

PCSK9 inhibitors mechanism

LDL removed from blood

PCSK9 inhibitors symptoms

Myalgia (muscle pain), delirium, dementia

Niacin mechanism

Lowers liver VLDL

DO NOT TAKE WITH STATINS

Niacin symptoms

Flushed face, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia

Fish oil mechanism

Increases LDL, Lowered FFA to liver, lowered TG synthesis

Fish oil symptoms

Nausea, fishy taste