Period 3: Age of Revolutions to World War I (All Dates Reviewer)

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1

1717

Abraham Darby smelts iron using partially burnt coal

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2

1733

John Kay’s flying shuttle

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3

1764

James Hargreaves’s spinning jenny

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4

1769

Richard Arkwright patents the water frame

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5

1774

James Watt patents the first steam engine

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6

1776

Adam Smith’s An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

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7

1779

First iron bridge completed in Shropshire, England

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8

1785

Power loom invented by Edmund Cartwright

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9

1789

Jeremy Bentham’s Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

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10

1790

Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France

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11

1793

Eli Whitney’s cotton gin

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12

1798

Thomas Malthus’s Essay on Population

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13

1807

British Parliament votes for the end of the slave trade

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14

1807

First passenger train line

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15

March 15, 1815

Napoleon escapes from Elba

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16

May 15, 1815

Battle of Waterloo marks end of the Hundred Days

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17

1815

Napoleon sent into exile on St. Helena

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18

1817

David Ricardo’s Principles of Political Economy

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19

1819

Peterloo Massacre in Great Britain

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20

1819

Combination Acts ban union activity

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21

1820

Troppau Protocol (agreement among Eastern Great Powers to oppose revolutionary states)

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22

1820

Rebellion in Spain put down with French support in 1824

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23

1821

Beginning of Greek revolt

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24

1821

Death of Napoleon

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25

1823

Revolt in Naples

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26

1824

Charles X becomes King of France

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27

1825

Decembrist revolt in Russia

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28

1829

George Stephenson invents the early locomotive, the Rocket

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29

1830

Charles X issues July Ordinances

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30

1830

July Revolution topples the last French Bourbon monarch

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31

1830s

Cholera outbreak in Europe

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32

1831

Charles Darwin begins five-year voyage that will take him to the Galápagos Islands

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33

1832

Sadler Committee looks into child labor in Great Britain

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34

1832

Great Reform Bill

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35

1833

Slavery banned within the British empire

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36

1833

Factory Act

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37

1833

English Poor Law

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38

1834

Robert Owen establishes the Grand National Consolidated Union

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39

1835

David Friedrich Strauss’s The Life of Jesus Critically Examined

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40

1835

Daguerreotype (early form of photograph) invented

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41

1837

Beginning of the reign of Queen Victoria

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42

1838

Beginning of the Chartist movement

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43

1839

First in a series of Opium Wars between Great Britain and China

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44

1840

Napoleon’s body brought back to France for reburial

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45

1840

Joseph Proudhon writes the anarchist tract What Is Property?

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46

1842

British gain control over Hong Kong

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47

1846

Repeal of the Corn Laws

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48

1846

Irish potato famine

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49

1847

Liberia established as independent African republic

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50

February 1848

The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

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51

February 1848

Overthrow of Louis Philippe

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52

March 1848

Unrest in various German states

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53

March 1848

Nationalist revolts break out throughout Austrian Empire

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54

March 1848

Charles Albert of Savoy goes to war against Austria

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55

May 1848

Meeting of the Frankfurt Parliament

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56

1848

“June Days” uprising in Paris

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57

December 1848

Louis Napoleon elected president of the Second Republic

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58

1851

Louis Napoleon stages coup against the Second Republic Crystal Palace Exhibition

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59

1852

Development of the safety elevator

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60

1852

David Livingstone begins exploring the African interior

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61

1852

Commodore Perry arrives in Japan

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62

1852

Establishment of the Second Empire by Napoleon III

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63

1854

Charles Dickens publishes Hard Times

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64

1854

Start of the Crimean War

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65

1856

Development of Bessemer process for manufacturing steel

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66

1856

Synthetic dyes developed

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67

1857

Flaubert publishes his masterpiece, Madame Bovary

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68

1857

Indian Rebellion

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69

1858

Jews allowed to enter the British Parliament

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70

1859

Darwin’s On the Origins of Species

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71

1859

France and Piedmont-Sardinia go to war against Austria

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72

1859

Garibaldi invades the Kingdom of Two Sicilies

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73

1861

Victor Emmanuel II becomes the first King of Italy

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74

1861

Alexander II emancipates the serfs

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75

1863

Opening of the Salon des Refusés (art rejected by the jury of the Official Paris Salon)

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76

1864

Establishment of the First International in London

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77

1864

Prussia and Austria go to war against Denmark

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78

1866

Italians seize Venetia from Austria

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79

1866

Austro-Prussian War

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80

1867

Establishment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

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81

1867

Alfred Nobel patents dynamite

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82

1869

Suez Canal completed

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83

1869

John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty

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84

1870

Doctrine of Papal Infallibility

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85

1870

Rome becomes capital of Italy

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86

1870

Franco-Prussian War

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87

1870

French Third Republic created

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88

1871

Establishment of the German Empire

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89

1871

End of the French Second Empire

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90

1871

Paris Commune

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91

1871

Darwin’s The Descent of Man

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92

1874

Typewriters invented

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93

1874

Claude Monet paints Impression: Sunrise

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94

1875

Constitution establishes the French Third Republic

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95

1876

Serbia becomes independent

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96

1876

Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone

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97

1877

Thomas Edison’s phonograph

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98

1877

Queen Victoria becomes empress of India

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99

1877

Russo-Turkish War

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100

1878

Congress of Berlin

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