history of tv cards 1930-1980's

series 1930

usually resolution end show (continuous narrative)

cross promotion 1930

hollywood stars go on radio show

1930s

80% of people got radios

single play 1930

show stands alone (movie of the week)

anthology 1930

standalone program (connected by genre/theme)

fixed point program 1930

idea of having a regular scheduled program- same day/same time

self reflexivity 1930

actors know that we know are watching

hollywood tank -> 1930

radio networks flourished

1930s era

radio had escapism and families would come together to listen during the great during Great Depression

false consciousness 1930

convince working class they couldn't achieve anything more

1950s

women leagues started to get created

1950 individual prosperity led to

the government trying to get everyone housing suburban neighborhoods

posters in the 1950s

entice women go into workforce

in the 1950s women would work as

farmers, bus drivers, and teachers

women in 1950s

questioned their place in society once men came back to their jobs after war

1950 pink collar jobs

low wage part time

1950 new advertise boom

urge to buy things

1950 anxiety came from

changes

1950s teens

had more fun compared to past teens

1950s pushed for ideological ideals

housewives

1950 FFC froze

because it couldn't keep up with the demand

1950 test pattern

image after last show

1950 constant regulations

conservative women in homes and women dressed modestly

1950 rise of deliquency

instability from home since both mom and dad were working

1950 forced

integration

1950s tv included

comic books

1950s wanted women

back in homes

1950 domestic sitcom

mild problems with a resolutions at the end, homogeneity, all white

age of anxiety

1950s-1960

rod Serling (twilight zone)

try to push social commentary metaphorically

late 70s-80s

everyone has cable and can record programs

VCR

video cassette recorder

deregulation in tv practices

fairness doctrine repealed in 1958-1987

why did fairness doctrine repeal

because tv had an abundance of genres/viewpoints

fyn-syn repeal

1995

fin syn repeal due to

outdated/unfair now that there were more channels

1980s cultural shifts included

-Berlin Wall fell

-stratification

-countries gained independence

-women are actually in positions of power

advertisements during the 1970-80s

-less focused on women

-less flashy more practical

post modernism

1980s

post modernism was a reaction to modernism

there is more than one way to view life

post modernism was a blend

between high and low including art, music, culture and entertainment/media, pop music, reality tv

endogeny

inside a system

-taking ideas from their past then recycling and creating new ideas

peewee

very strange/rebellious

FCC

Federal Communications Commission

FCC's programming standards

Balance of commercial & sustaining programs; encourage local & live programming; include public affairs programs; reduce excessive advertising.

Financial Interest and Syndication (Fin-Syn) rules

To break up the control of TV programming by major networks.

Fin-Syn limitations

Networks could own/produce only 15 hours of primetime programming per week.

Syndication rules restrictions

The number of times a show could run on a network before rights reverted to the producer.

Prime Time Access Rule (PTAR)

To reduce network dominance and give local stations more programming opportunities.

PTAR allowance from 8-9 p.m.

Non-network (local or independent) programming.

Vertical integration in media

When a single corporation controls production, distribution, and exhibition stages.

Syndication

A system where producers sell shows to multiple local stations instead of airing them only on one network.

Syndication benefits for smaller networks

It allowed them to compete and become part of the broader TV conversation.

Three stages of media production

Production, Distribution, Exhibition

Big Three TV networks

CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System), NBC (National Broadcasting Company), ABC (American Broadcasting Company)

Fox emergence as a major network

Late 1970s-early 1980s

Backdoor episode

An episode of an existing show designed to introduce a potential spinoff.

VCR impact on viewers

It allowed them to record, rewatch, and buy shows, giving them control over what and when to watch.

1950s-1960s: Age of Anxiety

Because of widespread social, technological, and political changes that created uncertainty about the future.

Major sources of anxiety in the 1950s-1960s

Cold War tensions, nuclear fears, civil rights struggles, Vietnam War, and social change.

Social movement in the 1950s-1960s

The Civil Rights Movement against segregation.

Major war beginning in 1955

The Vietnam War (1955-1975).

Counterculture movement

A youth-led cultural rebellion against mainstream values that developed in the 1960s.

Housing trend in the 1950s-60s

The rise and promotion of suburbia.

Pill advertisements in the 1950s-60s

The growing awareness of mental health and domestic pressure on women (antidepressants).

1980s major geopolitical change

The Cold War came to an end.

U.S. economy in the 1980s

It showed steady growth with a growing middle class but widening class disparity.

Workforce shift in the 1980s

The normalization of women working outside the home.

Major health crises in the 1980s

The AIDS epidemic and the crack epidemic.

Demographic trends in the 1980s

Rising immigration and multiculturalism.

Key traits of postmodernism

Deconstructing norms; focus on difference, individuality, identity, eclecticism, and playfulness.

Capitalism influence on pop culture

It embraced and commercialized pop culture elements.