HESI A&P - set 1

Main function of the cardiovascular system

Transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste

Blood flow: step 1

Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium

Blood flow: step 2

Blood moves to right ventricle

Blood flow: step 3

Blood goes to lungs via pulmonary artery

Blood flow: step 4

Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium

Blood flow: step 5

Blood moves to left ventricle

Blood flow: step 6

Blood is pumped to body through aorta

Main function of the respiratory system

Gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide

Where gas exchange occurs

Alveoli

How oxygen enters blood

Diffusion from alveoli into capillaries

How carbon dioxide leaves blood

Diffusion from capillaries into alveoli

Muscle responsible for breathing

Diaphragm

Main function of the nervous system

Control and communication throughout the body

Sympathetic nervous system

Fight-or-flight response

Parasympathetic nervous system

Rest-and-digest response

Neuron part that receives signals

Dendrites

Neuron part that sends signals

Axon

Main function of the muscular system

Movement, posture, heat production

Skeletal muscle

Voluntary, striated, attached to bones

Smooth muscle

Involuntary, found in organs and vessels

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary, striated, found only in the heart

Muscle contraction requires

Calcium and ATP