English Unit 4, 9th Grade

What are Introductory Text Features?

text features used in nonfiction books to introduce the books content

What are 2 types of introductory text features?

Foreword and Introduction

What is a Foreword?

A type of introductory text feature written by someone else then the author, normally a person experienced in the field. Forewords give more context about the book and a broader view of what will be in the book.

What is a introduction?

A introductory text feature written by the author, often going into detail of what will be in the book. Introductions try to build the author’s credibility.

What is the main difference between foreword and introductions?

Introductions dive deeper and give detailed explanations of what the book will have. Forewords are more broader and written by another author who is experienced in the field. Forewords are signed. Introductions try to build credibility for the author.

What is text structure?

The way text is organized

What is chronological text structure?

Text structure that organizes the text in the order of events. Chronological structure covers a clear time frame whether its 1 year or a 1000 years.

What are chronological signal words?

Words used to provide information and clues about the time.

What are the 3 main types of signal words?

Continuation, Change of direction, and sequence

What do continuation ideas tell?

That somethings coming next or how new ideas build on previous ideas. examples are in addition, also, another, and furthermore

What do Change of direction words indicate?

That 2 events happen at the same time, or that the writer doubles back on a idea. Examples are While, Still, and even though.

What do sequence signal words indicate?

Tell the order of ideas and events, and how events and ideas relate to each other in time. Examples are: Then, Before, Until, and In the first place.

What is problem solution structure for text?

a text structure that a original idea gets a problem which is solved. Solutions can cause more problems.

What are sidebars?

text feature at the side of the page which gives deeper understanding and more information.

What are connotations?

Emotional meanings of a word. Like how Heart is related with love.

What are Denotations?

Literal definitions

How does a writer support their viewpoint?

With evidence and connotative language.

What is loaded language?

Language with strong connotations that stir up emotions

What is the authors purpose?

The authors reason to write

What are crowdsourced websites?

Websites where anyone can edit information, are unreliable sources of information.

What are cause and effect relations?

A relation where a cause can create an effect. They can create long term effects or short term effects

What are short term effects?

Effects that happen in a short time.

What are long term effects?

Effects that happen over the course of a long period of time

What are images and captions?

text features that can enhance informational texts

What are central ideas in text?

The authors most important ideas in text

What are Supporting key details?

Things that tell more about central ideas by focusing on specific ideas that support central ideas. Essentially things that support central ideas.

What are objective and subjective statements?

Objective is based on facts, subjective is based on personal emotions and feelings.

How should good summaries be made?

by restating the main central idea, adding a few key ideas and relevant details from text, and by only using objective language. Good summaries should not add specific details unless needed.

What are graphic organizers?

Visual explanations on the relationships between ideas in texts.

What can graphic organizers show?

chronology, clear organization of events, cause and effect relationship, problem solution, and finally categorize and compare ideas.

What is a Graphic organizer that categorizes and compares ideas?

a T chart

What are the 2 types of ways to get ideas from text for conclusions

Synthesize or Summarize

What is summarizing ideas from text?

Summarizing states central ideas and supporting ideas with fewer words and identifies key elements to give a basic overview. Summarizing only discusses 1 source of information.

What is synthesizing ideas from text?

Combining information from text to show important points and conclusions from text. Brings information from multiple sources and gives a new understanding by reflecting and showing insights on text.

What is a effective conclusion?

A conclusion that synthesizes earlier information, and explains why the information is important. Good conclusions answer the question “So What?”

What is historical context?

the events and actions happening before after or during the text. Includes shifts in society, new inventions, politics, and major national/world events.

What is Culture?

All the values and beliefs of a society.

What is fiction used as?

A time machine to understand the period it was written in

What is slang?

Informal language a culture or group uses

What are inferences?

Using Textual evidence and background knowledge to make a educated guess.

What is contemporary language?

modern language used today

What is the full form of PSA?

Public Service Advertisement

What are the purposes for PSA’s

To persuade to take action on a important issue. Like a social issue, a law to follow, and a piece of local news like a upcoming marathon

What are the forms of PSAs?

Print, Video, and Audio.

What do PSAs contain?

appealing images, diagrams, and text supporting PSA viewpoint. Can include facts, statistics, a slogan, and a call to action.

What is a slogan?

a short and memorable phrase that tells a reader how they can get involved with a issue.