Cell Structures/Organelles

plasma membrane (cell membrane)

maintains the wholeness of the cell and controls everything that goes in and out of the cell

Selective Permeable

(type of plasma membrane) membrane that only allows select substances to enter the cell while keeping others out

Permeable

(type of plasma membrane) allow free passage of all substances into the cell

a. bilayer of phospholipids with proteins on its surface or embedded in the membrane

b. transport proteins - serve as channels for substances to enter the cell

c. “Fluid masaic model” fluid because the membrane is flexible and mosaic because of its patterns

structure of the plasma membrane

Nucleus

considered the control center of the cell

chromatin

located inside the nucleus - strands of the genetic material, DNA, transforms into chromosomes

Nucleolus

located inside the nucleus. this synthesis ribosomes

Nuclear Envelope

controls everything that goes in and out of the nucleus

Centrole Centersomes

equally divide genetic information during mitosis

ribosomes

assembles enzymes and proteins

cytoplasm

clear, gelatinous fluid inside the cell

endoplasmic reticulum

forms a transport system between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. two types of ER - rough and smooth

Golgi apparatus

(golgi body, golgi complex) packages protein molecules for secretion

vacuoles

“vesticles” are formed by the process of endocytosis. store materials that have recently entered the cell

lysosomes

are vacuoles that contain digestive enzymes - digest excess or worn out organelles

mitochondria

transform food molecules into a usable energy (ATP) powerhouse of the cell

cytoskeleton

gives the cell support and provides a framework to aide in inner movements

Microtubules

thin, hollow cylinders made of protein fibers

microfilaments

think, solid protein fibers

cilia

hairlike projections that move in a wavelike motion

fagella

whiplike structure that aids in movement